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Matthew Chapter 9:36-10:42 – Jesus Prepares and Commissions the Twelve Apostles
Part 3 – Matthew 10:3 – Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas
Review:
In Matthew 9:37-38, Jesus declares to His disciples that it is time to increase the shepherds because the
people were distressed and dispirited by the Pharisees and scribes who were not shepherding the people in
accordance with the Law.
Fortunately, Jesus had been training shepherds as their replacement.
The apostles and other disciples are
called to be gentle, merciful, peacemakers; they are salt and light and are being trained by Jesus not only in
the message of the kingdom but will also receive power to do the same actions as Jesus to validate the
message of the kingdom of heaven.
So far, we have discussed Peter, James, John, and Andrew.
Philip
The next apostle on the list is Philip.
In the New Testament, there are three persons named Philip:
1. Philip, the brother of Herod
2. Philip, the evangelist, one of the seven (Acts 6:5, 8:1-40, 21:8)
3. Philip, the apostle (Matthew 10:3, Mark 3:18, Luke 6:14)
From this point, when I mention Philip, it is the apostle.
Philip is only mentioned in the list in Matthew,
Mark, Luke, and Acts.
But there is more information about him in John.
John 1:43-51 – Philip was familiar with and friends with Andrew and Peter.
Philip was from Bethsaida.
He
is the one who introduced Nathanael to Jesus with the famous words “Come and see….”
John 6:5-7 – In connection to Andrew, Philip was the one Jesus tested by asking him, “Where are we going
to buy bread for the large crowd?”
Philip responded, “200 denarii is not enough.”
John 12:20-22 – Philip is the one who Greeks first engaged when they wanted to see Jesus.
John 14:7-9 – This very important dialogue includes some very unperceptive questions from Thomas and
Philip.
Philip’s request is to be shown the Father.
How can Philip see Jesus as the Messiah, understand the
nature of the power and authority of Jesus, then ask to be shown the Father?
All the apostles should have
understood that the Son is the representation of the Father and the only way to see God with human eyes is
to behold the Son.
There is very little information about Philip after Acts 2. There is a book written called The Acts of Philip
that was written around 350-400 AD, but the earliest full copy is from the 1300s.
This was rejected as a true
account and is obviously embellished as a Greek Heroic Romance with some obviously untrue statements.
1 “When he was come out of Galilee, a widow was carrying out her only son to burial.
Philip asked her about her grief: I have spent in vain much money on the gods, Ares, Apollo,
Hermes, Artemis, Zeus, Athena, the Sun, and Moon, and I think they are asleep as far as I
am concerned.
And I consulted a diviner to no purpose.
Book of Matthew – 039
Beth Haven Church
2022 1
Matthew Chapter 9:36-10:42 – Jesus Prepares and Commissions the Twelve Apostles
Part 3 – Matthew 10:3 – Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas
2 The apostle said: Thou hast suffered nothing strange, mother, for thus doth the devil
deceive men.
Assuage thy grief and I will raise thy son in the name of Jesus.
3 She said: It seems it were better for me not to marry, and to eat nothing but bread and
water.
Philip: You are right.
Chastity is especially dear to God.
4 She said: I believe in Jesus whom thou preachest.
He raised her son, who sat up and said:
Whence is this light?
and how comes it that an angel came and opened the prison of
judgment where I was shut up?
where I saw such torments as the tongue of man cannot
describe.
5 So all were baptized.
And the youth followed the apostle.”
In the text, a woman named Mariamne is identified as Philip's sister and is a leading figure in the second
half of the text.
They form a community that seems to practice vegetarianism and celibacy and uses a form
of the eucharist where vegetables and water were consumed in place of bread and wine.
After Philp is
martyred, Jesus appears to Marianmne in the form of Philip and told her that he has entered paradise and to
go your own way, so she went to Jordan.
Also in this apocryphal account, it states that Philip was crucified in Hierapolis, Egypt.
But this is the only
source that speaks of this.
The tradition is held by most historians that Philip did die a martyr’s death in
Egypt.
Bartholomew
This name is probably a patronym, “son of Tholomaeus.”
He is mentioned only four times, all in list form
(Matthew 10:3, Mark 3:18, Luke 6:14, Acts 1:13).
Philip and Bartholomew are mentioned together in the
Synoptics, but the name is not in tandem in Acts.
Is it possible that we know Bartholomew by a different name?
In John 1, we have a person that Philip
introduces to Jesus, Nathanael.
Nathanael is not mentioned in the Synoptics, and it is suspected and
regularly agreed that Nathanael’s surname is Bartholomew.
As we saw with Philip, Nathanael Bartholomew was also a Galilean and from the city of Cana (John 21:2).
He was a man with no guile; no deceit was present in him (as identified by Jesus).
Hearing the words of
Jesus about being seen under the fig tree, Nathaniel said one of the most aware statements.
“Rabbi, you are
the Son of God, you are the King of Israel.”
This statement is early recognition of the purpose that the
Gospel of John was written (John 20:30-31).
He was one of the first, but by the end, he still fell into difficulty.
Nathanael was one of the seven in John 21
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