STRONG HAND (EXODUS 5:1-6:13)
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GOD IS SOVEREIGN
GOD IS SOVEREIGN
1 Afterward Moses and Aaron went and said to Pharaoh, “Thus says the Lord, the God of Israel, ‘Let my people go, that they may hold a feast to me in the wilderness.’ ” 2 But Pharaoh said, “Who is the Lord, that I should obey his voice and let Israel go? I do not know the Lord, and moreover, I will not let Israel go.” 3 Then they said, “The God of the Hebrews has met with us. Please let us go a three days’ journey into the wilderness that we may sacrifice to the Lord our God, lest he fall upon us with pestilence or with the sword.” 4 But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you take the people away from their work? Get back to your burdens.”
5:1: THUS SAYS YHWH – ANE FORMULA FOR COMMANDS OF A DEITY
NOTICE THE MISSING ELDERS!
ANE WORK LISTS REVEAL THAT WORKERS HAD DAYS OFF INCLUDING FOR WORSHIP OF A GOD
NOTICE MOSES AND AARON DO NOT DO EXACTLY WHAT GOD COMMANDED. INSTEAD OF ASKING THEY COMMAND.
5:2: CONTRAST TO EX 3.11 – MOSES SAYS WHO AM I? PHAROAH SAYS WHO IS YHWH?
DOES NOT KNOW = DOES NOT ACKNOWLEDGE YHWH’S POWER AND AUTHORITY
“I WILL NOT SEND ISRAEL OUT” IS THE STRONGEST POSSIBLE NEGATIVE IN HEB.
5:3: PLAGUE AND THE SWORD WILL FALL UPON PHAROAH & THE EGYPTIANS NOT ISRAEL
5:4: GET BACK TO YOUR BURDENS IS A ROYAL DECREE – GO/GET IS AN IMPERATIVE
5 And Pharaoh said, “Behold, the people of the land are now many, and you make them rest from their burdens!” 6 The same day Pharaoh commanded the taskmasters of the people and their foremen, 7 “You shall no longer give the people straw to make bricks, as in the past; let them go and gather straw for themselves. 8 But the number of bricks that they made in the past you shall impose on them, you shall by no means reduce it, for they are idle. Therefore they cry, ‘Let us go and offer sacrifice to our God.’ 9 Let heavier work be laid on the men that they may labor at it and pay no regard to lying words.”
5:5: BEHOLD THE PEOPLE ARE MANY: THIS PHAROAH IS NOT AFRAID HE IS PROUD!
REST = šābăt WHICH SABBATH IS DERIVED FROM. YHWH IS THE ANTITHESIS OF PHAROAH
5:6-7: TASKMASTERS = EGYPTIAN WARDENS FOREMEN = ISRAELITE OVERSEERS
PHAROAH REFUSES TO RECOGNIZE YHWH – CALLS HIM GENERIC EL
HEAVIER WORK = HARDENED = GLORY
10 So the taskmasters and the foremen of the people went out and said to the people, “Thus says Pharaoh, ‘I will not give you straw. 11 Go and get your straw yourselves wherever you can find it, but your work will not be reduced in the least.’ ” 12 So the people were scattered throughout all the land of Egypt to gather stubble for straw. 13 The taskmasters were urgent, saying, “Complete your work, your daily task each day, as when there was straw.” 14 And the foremen of the people of Israel, whom Pharaoh’s taskmasters had set over them, were beaten and were asked, “Why have you not done all your task of making bricks today and yesterday, as in the past?”
5:10: THUS SAYS = DIVINE FORMULA à 5:1 CONTRAST
5:13: URGENT = PRESSED: TO HASTEN OR HURRY = FRANTIC
5:14: TASK = QUOTA THE EGYPTIANS BELIEVED THEY WERE OWED THE HEBREWS LABOR
15 Then the foremen of the people of Israel came and cried to Pharaoh, “Why do you treat your servants like this? 16 No straw is given to your servants, yet they say to us, ‘Make bricks!’ And behold, your servants are beaten; but the fault is in your own people.” 17 But he said, “You are idle, you are idle; that is why you say, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to the Lord.’ 18 Go now and work. No straw will be given you, but you must still deliver the same number of bricks.” 19 The foremen of the people of Israel saw that they were in trouble when they said, “You shall by no means reduce your number of bricks, your daily task each day.” 20 They met Moses and Aaron, who were waiting for them, as they came out from Pharaoh; 21 and they said to them, “The Lord look on you and judge, because you have made us stink in the sight of Pharaoh and his servants, and have put a sword in their hand to kill us.”
5:15 – YOUR SERVANTS (3X) THE FOREMAN ARE SHOWING THEIR DEVOTION AND LOYALTY TO PHAROAH
5:18: GO NOW AND WORK/SERVE CONTRAST MOSES LET US GO AND WORSHIP
WHO WILL THE ISRAELITES SERVE?
5:19: TROUBLE = EVIL = rā‘. ALLUSION TO EGYPTIAN GOD RA = PHAROAH
5:20: MET = CONFRONT/ASSAIL/ATTACK
5:21: LIT. YOU HAVE CAUSED OUR SMELL TO STINK!
SWORD —> 5:3
22 Then Moses turned to the Lord and said, “O Lord, why have you done evil to this people? Why did you ever send me? 23 For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in your name, he has done evil to this people, and you have not delivered your people at all.” 1 But the Lord said to Moses, “Now you shall see what I will do to Pharaoh; for with a strong hand he will send them out, and with a strong hand he will drive them out of his land.”
5:22: EVIL = rā‘.
6:1: STRONG HAND
DRIVE OUT = SAME VERB OF MOSES DRIVING OUT SHEPHERDS = GERSHOM’S NAME
2 God spoke to Moses and said to him, “I am the Lord. 3 I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, as God Almighty, but by my name the Lord I did not make myself known to them. 4 I also established my covenant with them to give them the land of Canaan, the land in which they lived as sojourners. 5 Moreover, I have heard the groaning of the people of Israel whom the Egyptians hold as slaves, and I have remembered my covenant. 6 Say therefore to the people of Israel, ‘I am the Lord, and I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I will deliver you from slavery to them, and I will redeem you with an outstretched arm and with great acts of judgment. 7 I will take you to be my people, and I will be your God, and you shall know that I am the Lord your God, who has brought you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians. 8 I will bring you into the land that I swore to give to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob. I will give it to you for a possession. I am the Lord.’ ”
6:2: I AM YHWH OPENS AND CLOSES VS. 2-8. ROYAL FORMULA USED BY KINGS/GODS IN ANE
6:3: “I am the Lord, I appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and to Jacob as El Shaddai and my name is YHWH. Did I not make myself known to them?”
6:4-5: BOTH BEGIN WITH HEB PARTICLE “AND ALSO” TO PROVIDE EMPHASIS
6:6-8: THEREFORE INTRODUCES A DIVINE COMMAND THE IMPERATIVE “SAY TO THE CHILDREN..”
SEVEN VERBS OF WHAT YHWH WILL DO:
1. I WILL BRING YOU OUT
2. I WILL FREE YOU
3. I WILL REDEEM YOU
4. I WILL TAKE YOU TO ME AS A PEOPLE
5. I WILL BE TO YOUR GOD
6. I WILL BRING YOU INTO THE LAND
7. I WILL GIVE IT TO YOU
9 Moses spoke thus to the people of Israel, but they did not listen to Moses, because of their broken spirit and harsh slavery.
BROKEN SPIRIT = SHORTNESS OF BREATH
HARSH = HARD/HEAVY
10 So the Lord said to Moses, 11 “Go in, tell Pharaoh king of Egypt to let the people of Israel go out of his land.” 12 But Moses said to the Lord, “Behold, the people of Israel have not listened to me. How then shall Pharaoh listen to me, for I am of uncircumcised lips?” 13 But the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron and gave them a charge about the people of Israel and about Pharaoh king of Egypt: to bring the people of Israel out of the land of Egypt.
JESUS IS THE STRONG ARM/HAND OF YHWH
JESUS IS THE STRONG ARM/HAND OF YHWH
1 Oh sing to the Lord a new song, for he has done marvelous things! His right hand and his holy arm have worked salvation for him.
17 ‘Ah, Lord God! It is you who have made the heavens and the earth by your great power and by your outstretched arm! Nothing is too hard for you.
11 Then he remembered the days of old, of Moses and his people. Where is he who brought them up out of the sea with the shepherds of his flock? Where is he who put in the midst of them his Holy Spirit, 12 who caused his glorious arm to go at the right hand of Moses, who divided the waters before them to make for himself an everlasting name,
46 And Mary said, “My soul magnifies the Lord, 47 and my spirit rejoices in God my Savior, 48 for he has looked on the humble estate of his servant. For behold, from now on all generations will call me blessed; 49 for he who is mighty has done great things for me, and holy is his name. 50 And his mercy is for those who fear him from generation to generation. 51 He has shown strength with his arm; he has scattered the proud in the thoughts of their hearts; 52 he has brought down the mighty from their thrones and exalted those of humble estate; 53 he has filled the hungry with good things, and the rich he has sent away empty. 54 He has helped his servant Israel, in remembrance of his mercy, 55 as he spoke to our fathers, to Abraham and to his offspring forever.”