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Introduction
Body
All four Gospels identify Andrew as the brother of Simon Peter (Mark 1:16; Matthew 4:18; Luke 6:14; John 1:40; 6:8)
Both brothers were from Bethsaida, a fishing village located on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee, as was Philip (John 1:44).
Both Matthew and Mark state that Andrew and Simon Peter were living in Capernaum and working as fishermen when Jesus formally called them to follow Him.
According to their account, they both promptly responded to His call and left everything to become His disciples.
In the accounts of both Matthew and Mark, Andrew and Simon Peter are closely associated with James and John.
Simon Peter and Andrew’s calls are listed right alongside the calls of James and John (Mark 1:16-20; Matthew 4:18-22).
Andrew is mentioned in relation with Simon Peter, James, and John in Mark 1:29.
It’s James and John that accompany Jesus to Simon Peter and Andrew’s house where Jesus heals Simon’s mother-in-law (Mark 1:30-31).
When Jesus made His temple pronouncement in Mark 13:2-3, it was Andrew, Simon Peter, James, and John that asked Him about it.
These four men occupy the first four positions in the apostolic lists.
We see in John 1:35-40 that, before he became a follower of Jesus, Andrew was a disciple of John the Baptist.
John’s testimony of who Jesus was introduced Andrew to Jesus.
After this, Andrew introduced Simon Peter, his brother, to Jesus (John 1:41-42).
In John’s Gospel, Andrew appears frequently with Philip.
John 1:44 states they were from the same town, Bethsaida.
John 6:5-9 states it was Philip and Andrew that interacted with Jesus during the feeding of the 5,000.
John 12:20-22 shows them serving as facilitators between a mentioned Greek people and Jesus during His final week.
Andrew
From the Greek name, Andreas, meaning Manly
He’s mentioned only 12 times, and more often than not, he’s referred to as “Simon Peter’s brother”
It’s interesting that Peter is never mentioned as being Andrew’s brother
Andrew is also referenced indirectly in passages that mention the disciples as a group in the Gospels and in the book of Acts
In the four apostolic lists we find in scripture, Andrew is listed in two separate position.
In Matthew and Luke he’s listed second underneath Simon Peter.
In Mark and Acts, he’s listed fourth underneath Peter, James, and John.
Andrew in Mark
Andrew is more prominent in the book of Mark than in any other Synoptic Gospel or in Acts.
The first mention of Andrew in Mark, Jesus is calling him and Peter to be ‘fishers of men’ Andrew and Peter respond immediately.
Then we find Andrew going to Simon Peter’s house alongside James and John in Capernaum where Jesus heals Peter’s mother-in-law.
Andrew appears next in Mark’s list of the twelve disciples, where he appears fourth underneath Peter, James, and John.
This is the list that Jesus commissions to go out and preach the Gospel with authority to heal and cast out devils.
Andrew is mentioned for the final time in Mark in reference to the Mount of Olives, where Andrew, Peter, James, and John ask Jesus privately about His earlier temple pronouncement.
The mention of Andrew in relation to the account of Jesus healing Peter’s mother-in-law and on the Mount of Olives is not mentioned anywhere else.
In both instances, the same four disciples are mentioned together, namely Simon Peter, Andrew, James, and John.
Andrew in Matthew
Andrew is mentioned only twice in Matthew’s Gospel.
Jesus calls Andrew and Simon Peter to follow Him and become fishers of men.
They immediately respond.
Andrew also appears in Matthew’s list of apostles.
In Matthews list, Andrew appears second underneath Simon Peter.
This also is where Jesus commissions the twelve to go preach and to have authority to heal and over unclean spirits.
Andrew in Luke — Acts
We find Andrew mentioned only once by name in each book
In both instances, He is listed among the twelve men Jesus called to be His apostles.
In Luke, Andrew is mentioned second, underneath Simon Peter.
The men are named by Jesus only after completing an entire night of prayer.
In Acts, Andrew is listed after the apostles’ return to Jerusalem following Jesus’ ascension at the Mount of Olives.
They then enter into an upper room and begin to tarry there, uniting continually in prayer.
In this list, Andrew is listed fourth, beneath Peter, James, and John.
Andrew in John
Andrew is more prominent in John’s Gospel than in any of the Synoptic Gospels and Acts.
John’s account of Andrew is also more detailed.
He appears four times in John’s Gospel.
We first find Andrew alongside John the Baptist with one other as he proclaims “Behold, the Lamb of God.” Andrew then begins to follow Jesus
Jesus then invites the two men to join Him.
John’s account never mentions the name of the other disciple
Some speculate this was Philip
Others that it was John, the beloved disciple.
This seems to be the preferred tradition.
Afterwards, Andrew finds his brother, Simon Peter, and declares “We have found the Messiah”
Andrew then brings Simon Peter to Jesus
Andrew and Philip
Andrew and Philip appear together several times in John’s Gospel.
As they are from the same town, this makes sense.
We first find them together at the feeding of the 5,000
Jesus asks Philip where they can buy bread.
Philip responds that even 200 denarii would not be enough to feed them all
Andrew interjects that there is a boy here with five barley loaves and two fish, but what are they for so many?
Jesus then miraculously uses these to feed the large crowd.
They also appear together during an encounter with a Greek crowd during the Passover.
They approach Philip and request to see Jesus
He tells Andrew, and together they inform Jesus.
The account suggests that the Greek crowd was uncertain as to whether Jesus would receive Gentiles or not
The reaction of Philip seems to suggest he was uncertain as well.
Because Andrew approached Jesus with this, he is considered by some to be “a mediator for Greek proselytes”.
We see different and varying accounts between the Synoptic Gospels and the Gospel of John, but they are not contradictory.
Rather, they are complimentary.
Andrew’s End
It is probable the Apostle Andrew met his end in Achaia, by means of crucifixion.
Andrew and the Early Church Fathers
Andrew in Patristic Traditions
Andrew is a source of mild interest in the literature of the traditional early Christian fathers.
Many of the references are anchored in details provided in the New Testament.
In the early second century AD, the church father Papias mentions Andrew in comments about his preference for apostolic oral tradition: “If … any one came, who had been a follower of the elders, I questioned him in regard to the words of the elders—what Andrew or what Peter said, or what was said by Philip, or by Thomas, or by James, or by John, or by Matthew, or by any other of the disciples of the Lord, and what things Aristion and the presbyter John, the disciples of the Lord, say.
For I did not think that what was to be gotten from the books would profit me as much as what came from the living and abiding voice” (cited in Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History 3.39.4;
NPNF2 1:121).
The Muratorian Fragment also mentions Andrew in relation to the origin of the Gospel of John.
Lines 9–16a read: “The fourth of the Gospels is that of John, [one] of the disciples.
To his fellow disciples and bishops, who had been urging him [to write], he said, ‘Fast with me from today to three days, and what will be revealed to each one let us tell it to one another.’
In the same night it was revealed to Andrew, [one] of the apostles, that John should write down all things in his own name while all of them should review it” (trans.
Metzger, Canon, 306).
Bruce noted that the only detail of historical worth in the account was the implication that others shared in the publication of the Gospel beyond the Evangelist.
This, Bruce maintained, may have been “an intelligent inference from John 21:24” (Bruce, John, 10).
The church fathers of the early centuries gave few details about Andrew.
In discussing Judaism, Epiphanius (ca.
315–403) drew a comparison between Abraham and Jesus’ early disciples, Peter, Andrew, James, and John.
Like them, Abraham “parted from his family when summoned by (God’s) bidding, in obedience to his Summoner” (Epiphanius, Panarion 4.1.2).
He also describes these same four disciples as Jesus’ “original choices” (Panarion 20.4.2).
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