Sermon Tone Analysis
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Intro
The French speak of a disease which they call La Maladie du moi, or "Me-sickness."
The disciples were troubled with that disease; they were too much concerned with themselves.
Despite all the strides science has made, it has offered no vaccine to combat this deadly ailment.
The only remedy that has ever been effective was that offered by the Great Physician.
His love engenders selflessness for selfishness in the heart of man, and "Me-sickness" vanishes as does the morning mist before the sun's healing rays.—Sunday
School Times.
Growing controversy.
As we begin in our text this morning we are continuing the scene we began last week and the week before.
Levi has been called by Jesus out of his sinful life.
Leaving everything, he threw a party, signifying his complete change.
It was at that party, eating with sinners, that controversy began to grow.
The Pharisees saw Jesus eating with these sinful men,
And remember for many during that time, eating together met acceptance.
So the question in the Pharisee’s minds was, how can this man who claims to be and is doing such amazing things, be the real deal?
The answer Jesus provided goes directly to his mission.
He has come to proclaim good news to the poor, liberty to the captives, recover sight to the blind, set at liberty the oppressed.
The great physician is spending time with His patients, the ones who know they are sick.
Luke, Volumes 1 & 2 (Friends of the Groom)
The Pharisees must not have been very impressed by the answer that Jesus gave them,
because rather than confessing their sins,
they came back with another objection.
First they criticized Jesus for eating and drinking with sinners;
then they criticized him for eating and drinking at all:
“And they said to him, ‘The disciples of John fast often and offer prayers, and so do the disciples of the Pharisees, but yours eat and drink’ ” (Luke 5:33).
Their criticism of Jesus is a direct criticism of Jesus method of outreach and evangelism.
Jesus was spending too much time with sinners.
Their second criticism related to discipleship: his followers were doing too much celebrating.
Our disciples fast, John’s disciples fast, why don’t yours?
Fasting
Many of us have probably heard the term.
Sometimes for medical tests we have to fast.
But what is it?
And why was fasting so important to the Pharisees?
Fasting — The practice of abstaining from food (and probably drink).
This could be done as an expression of remorse for wrongdoing, as an expression of mourning for a loss, or as a spiritual discipline meant to help one focus on spiritual matters.
Old Testament context
In the OT there is actually only one command to fast.
The Lexham Bible Dictionary (The Day of Atonement)
The Mosaic law contains only one command to fast, connected with the Day of Atonement (Lev 16:29–31; 23:26–33; Num 29:7–11).
The word used in this passage as well is not the word for fast, but rather to afflict, humble, or deny oneself.
The Lexham Bible Dictionary (Other Fasts)
In addition to the fast on the Day of Atonement,
the Old Testament mentions general and individual fasts undertaken for a variety of purposes,
including mourning, repentance, and seeking divine deliverance.
Fasting was a means of asking God to have pity and relent from inflicting punishment on the person or people praying.
For example, David hoped to see divine compassion over his newborn son’s life by fasting, perhaps imitating the conditions surrounding death (2 Sam 12:17–23).
The Israelites also practiced fasting following the loss of loved ones.
After the death of his sons, Aaron refused to eat the prescribed priestly meal (Lev 10:16–20).
In Aaron’s case, the fast suggests not only mourning but also rage, as he declined to eat with God because God had struck down his sons (Lev 10:1–3
In many situations, fasting was quite proper, as,
for example, when the Jews mourned the genocidal edict of Xerxes (Esther 4:1–3),
or when the prophet Joel called Israel to a repentant fast (Joel 1:13–14; cf.
Isaiah 58:6–9; 1 Kings 21:27).
Fasting in the Jewish religion became a significant act in having a right relationship with God.
It became regraded as an act of worship and took place at major events.
Luke, Vol.
1—That You May Know the Truth (Chapter 23: The New and the Old)
its practice became widespread.
But along with these appropriate uses came abuses, like those who supposed that their fasting brought a self-achieved holiness,
a works-righteousness, despite the fact that the prophets warned against such thinking (cf.
So by the time Jesus came on the scene,
Luke, Vol.
1—That You May Know the Truth (Chapter 23: The New and the Old)
the Pharisees had decreed that godly people fast twice a week (on the second and fifth days of the week—Mondays and Thursdays).
For them fasting meant mourning.
Some Pharisees viewed it as a sacrifice, a mournful offering of one’s own flesh to God, that would gain God’s attention.
The overall effect of this was to view true religion as solemn, joyless, and gloomy.
Therefore, when fasting the Pharisees tried to look as uncomfortable as possible.
Some actually whitened their faces to effect an emaciated look, refused to wash, and wore their clothes in shoddy disarray.
The idea was that you could not be spiritual unless you were uncomfortable.
Spirituality, they thought,
Fasting consists of doing things you do not want to do, and refraining from the things you want to do.
Pharisees fasted twice a week (Luke 8:12).
Usually fasting was a one-day affair.
However, a fast could run three days or even three weeks (Est.
4:16; Dan.
10:2–3).
In the Judaism of Jesus’ time, fasting was regarded as a virtue (Testament of Joseph 3:4–5; 1 Enoch 108:7–9).
The failure of Jesus’ disciples to fast could be read as reflecting a lack of respect for God, a severe absence of piety.
Why was fasting important?
It was important to them because it was regarded as a virtue.
Like we think of prayer.
Jesus disciples failing to fast put upon them an aura of disrespect towards God.
Jesus response to their question explains why he does not fast, but also explains the significance of his refusal to fast.
In answering, Jesus also provides for us a picture of the kingdom of God.
Luke (Original Meaning)
The picture he uses is a wedding—a symbol often used to describe God’s relationship with his people (Isa.
54:5–6; 62:4–5; Jer.
2:2; Ezek.
16).
Israel’s prophets used marriage between man and woman as a metaphor for the relationship between God and His people.
Read with me for instance the picture Isaiah gives.
In looking at the marriage process, there is much more to it that I ought to cover in a sermon.
An overview of the process though
Begins with betrothal, this is not marriage, but a promise to marry.
Like engagement for us today.
During this time, the bride would continue to live with their family.
This time would last approximately 1 year.
Manners and Customs of Bible Lands (CHAPTER 14)
When the night arrived for the wedding festivities to begin, and it was time to go for the bride,
the groom was dressed as much like a king as possible.
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