Vision pt3
long before Feuerbach and Marx the Bible spoke of human alienation. It describes two other and even more radical alienations than the economic and the political. One is alienation from God our Creator, and the other alienation from one another, our fellow creatures. Nothing is more dehumanizing than this breakdown of fundamental human relationships. It is then that we become strangers in a world in which we should feel at home, and aliens instead of citizens.
This, then, was the achievement of Christ’s cross. First, he abolished the law (its ceremonial regulations and moral condemnation) as a divisive instrument separating men from God and Jews from Gentiles. Secondly he created a single new humanity out of its two former deep divisions, making peace between them. Thirdly, he reconciled this new united humanity to God, having killed through the cross all the hostility between us. Christ crucified has thus brought into being nothing less than a new, united human race, united in itself and united to its creator.
The social structures that now picture believers are (1) a mutual citizenship as God’s people (literally, “saints”) and (2) a family relationship with other believers (members of the household of God). Paul uses a play on words in which the word for foreigner (paroikoi) is contrasted with oikeioi, “household members.” The same word occurs in 1 Timothy 5:8 in a literal sense, meaning one’s own family, and in Galatians 6:10, meaning the family of believers
Brethren’ (meaning ‘brothers and sisters’) is the commonest word for Christians in the New Testament. It expresses a close relationship of affection, care and support. Philadelphia, ‘brotherly love’, should always be a special characteristic of God’s new society.
The function of a temple is to be a dwelling for God (though with the biblical understanding that God cannot be localized or confined to a building). So the previously alienated and sinful groups have now been joined together, stone by stone, so to speak, as a holy temple for the God to whom they have together been reconciled. It is striking that the words for joined together and rises (literally “grows”) occur also in 4:15–16, where they describe the growth not of an inanimate temple but of the church as the living “body” of Christ