Sermon Tone Analysis
Overall tone of the sermon
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Tone of specific sentences
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I.
The Greatness of the Roman Epistle
A. Augustine- he was born 354 A.D. in N. Africa.
Monica-mother who was Christian.
Father was unsaved.
Came from poverty but had good education.
They moved to Carthage (N.
African capital).
He had illegitimate son.
He then went to orgies and felt guilty.
He went to a friend’s house in Milan, Italy and randomly went to Romans 13:12-14 “(v.12)The night is far spent, the day is at hand; let us therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armour of light.
(v.13)
Let us walk honestly, as in the day; not in rioting and drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness.
Not in strife and envying.
(v.14)
But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision for the flesh, to fulfill the lusts thereof”.
HE GOT SAVED!
The gloom went away.
He became the Thinker-Theologian-Augustine.
B. Luther- moral and upright as a monk.
Luther hated God.
He tried to reach God through a super-pious life and he found it was unattainable.
Read Romans 1 (the righteousness of God and justification by faith) and got saved!!
He believed Romans was “the purest expression of the gospel”; we must get it right because there could be eternal consequences to our preaching~/teaching.
He believed that people all should memorize it.
C. Wesley- converted by reading Luther’s “preface”.
D. Godet’- Swiss commentator.
E. Coleridge- said that “Romans was most profound piece of writing in existence.
F. Tyndale-
G. Calvin-
II.
Background
A. Authorship
-role of Tertius (3)
1. Paul gave him some general themes and he composed them later.
(unlikely)
2. Paul gave shorthand notes to T. and Paul composed longhand later.
3. Paul dictated letter to T. and T. wrote it out as dictated.
~*(MOST likely)
-evidenced “gars~/connecting words~/ exact transcription.
B.
Date- 55-58A.D.
C.
Open Chronology of Paul’s life (not complete~/highlights only)
· Conversion 34 A.D.
· Tarsus 37-43 A.D.
· First Missionary Journey -48-49 A.D. (Asia Minor)
· Second Missionary Journey- 50-52 A.D. (wrote Romans in Corinth 56-57 A.D.)
· 3rd Missionary Journey 53-57 A.D.
· Writing of Romans 56-57 A.D.
· 1st Roman Imprison.
60-62 A.D.
· Martyrdom under Nero 68 A.D.
D. Unity- did author write all of it?
~* PAUL WROTE ALL OF ROMANS!
E. Destination- How the church art Rome got started
- He was never there before.
- Another apostle did not found it.
- Converted Romans or Jews probably founded church
F. Composition of the church
- 49A.D. - the Jews were expelled from Rome.
- This affected all Roman churches makeup.
~*mostly Gentiles and minority of Jews
references: 1:13, 11:13, 15:15, 16.
G.
Purpose
I. Purpose of Romans
1. Sub-purposes
- plans to visit (15:24, 29)
- requests for prayer
- edification
II.
Purpose (Four Strands)
- *the righteousness of God* (subjective genitive)
#construct of God is dealing righteously.
HE IS ALWAYS JUST! (3:5, 3:25, 3:26, 9-11).
- *justification*- the major ways that God deals righteously.
HIS CHARACTER MUST BE APPEASED!
- *Jew~/Gentile tension*- the Jews returned to Roman churches in 54 A.D.
1. Jews wondered how God can justify filthy Gentiles.
2. God’s lack of fairness in dealing with the Jews (9-11) – God seems to be inconsistent with his promises (unconditional promises).
Gentiles were blessed by the Jews when they rejected the Gospel.
70 A.D. – Jews were under severe judgment!
*/IS HE GOING TO FULFILL HIS PROMISES?/*
3. How are Jews going to live together in unity?
(14-15) We have the same problem today in the church.
- *The Spanish factor*- Paul had plans to go back to Spain.
Franz Lerhart- commentary p. 14. *Why give an evangelistic tract?
He was promoting mission to local church for his ministry in Spain.*
* *
« *Paul presents a comprehensive statement of the righteousness of God, to show how Jews and Gentiles fit into God’s plan in order to unify the Romans thereby gaining support for his Spanish mission.*
*/ /*
* *
*THE ARGUMENT*
I.
Introduction: 1:1-17
+Wilhelm Bousset /“The monumental introduction to the Romans”/
/ /
A. Salutation: 1:1-7
-longest and most comprehensive of all of Paul’s writings.
+Two Themes
+Two Themes: 1) apostolic authority & mission, 2) sketch of the gospel
1. the author: 1:1a (theme #1)
a. *Paul*: no Biblical basis for changing his name.
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