Sermon Tone Analysis
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Tone of specific sentences
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God’s Elect Includes Jewish People
μὴ γένοιτο
This is as forceful a negative as one can write in Koine Greek.
Absolutely Not!
What does Paul mean by “foreknow?”
What he does not mean is what many Arminians think he means: God’s knowledge is passive.
God Learns.
to choose or select in advance of some other event—‘to choose beforehand, to select in advance.’
Notice that the text does not say that God foreknew WHAT they would do.
When God is the subject, it always refers to the person, not the actions of that person.
Divine knowledge is determinative.
God does not learn.
God’s knowledge of all creation is grounded in his decree, which is grounded in his nature.
God knows the future perfectly because God decreed it.
What is the example Paul uses to answer this question?
Paul is an Israel and God has not rejected him.
God did not reject Elijah.
God had already reserved 7,000 people for Himself.
Think about like this: God has not exclude the Jewish people from the New Covenant without exception.
It is according to God’s gracious election
οὕτως οὖν καὶ
In this way, therefore, also…or in the same way.
ἐν τῷ νῦν καιρῷ λεῖμμα κατʼ ἐκλογὴν χάριτος γέγονεν
In the present time a remnant according to election gracious it happened.
If it were based on anything in us, it would not be by grace.
Not works, not ethnic group, not our nature, gender, potential, etc.
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(derivatives of ἐκλέγομαιb and ἐκλογήa ‘to choose, choice,’ 30.92) that which has been chosen—‘chosen.’
From the semantic domain “To Choose, To Select, To Prefer.”
Israel has not obtained what they were seeking.
But those who were chosen obtained it.
The rest were hardened.
Israel’s Rejection is Not Total
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Israel’s fall as a nation was not the end of God’s purpose.
The purpose was always to bring salvation to all people groups.
Paul is attempting to move some of his people group to jealousy in the hopes of saving some.
Israel’s fall is not total destruction.
What can we make of this word fulfillment?
total quantity, with emphasis upon completeness—‘full number, full measure, fullness, completeness, totality.
This points to the total number of elect that will be saved.
V. 15 is the parallel passage.
Most scholars, however, rightly understand the phrase “life from the dead” to refer to the physical resurrection of the dead.
That is, the salvation of “all Israel” (cf.
11:26) will be the climax of this age and will be followed by the resurrection.
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