Daniel: Introduction
The Book of Daniel • Sermon • Submitted • Presented
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The book of Daniel splits into two distinct parts. The first half of the book of Daniel contains stories which would be familiar to any child who has attended Sunday School and VBS. They seem to be simple stories, but are deceptively so. They describe the challenges of Daniel and his three friends as they are exiled from their homeland and are forced into service for foreign kings. Each chapter brings a new crisis, but they never waver from their faith. God repeatedly demonstrates his sovereignty over the affairs of men.
The second half of the book changes drastically. causes even the most learned of Bible scholar consternation. The apocalyptic visions of Daniel are complex and difficult.
There is one main theme which unites the book of Daniel.
Main Theme: In spite of present appearances, God is in control.
Main Theme: In spite of present appearances, God is in control.
1. The Sovereignty of God
1. The Sovereignty of God
We should miss that the character of Daniel and his friends have a purpose. Their purpose is not to tell us about their lives, but rather to reveal God to us.
A. God’s sovereignty in every day life
A. God’s sovereignty in every day life
God’s sovereignty in the book of Daniel is not present as just a theological abstraction. It is presented as a reality of everyday life.
B. God’s sovereignty over all of life
B. God’s sovereignty over all of life
It is God, not Nebuchadnezzar, who is behind the Babylonian captivity. It is God, not Daniel, who interprets the visions. Each chapter is a story of God’s sovereignty.
2. The Original Audience
2. The Original Audience
Who was the book of Daniel written to?
A. Date: The book of Daniel was set in the 6th century
A. Date: The book of Daniel was set in the 6th century
The book contains the names of well-known characters and events from history.
B. Major Challenge: the second half of the book makes no-claim to when it was written.
B. Major Challenge: the second half of the book makes no-claim to when it was written.
The second half of the book contains prophecies which are uncannily accurate in their details concerning world events and powers. They are so accurate it is almost as they were written after the fact in the 2nd century. This has led to two groups of thought. One for the early 6th century composition of the entire book. One for the early date for the first half and a later date for the second half. If the second position is taken, then you are left with the problem that the book causes you to think that prophecy is being recorded, but really is talking about past or current events. This would be a problem for the veracity of the Scriptures.
3. Outline of Daniel
3. Outline of Daniel
A. Daniel and his three friends in Nebuchadnezzar’s palace (1:1-21)
A. Daniel and his three friends in Nebuchadnezzar’s palace (1:1-21)
1. The fall of Judah (1:1-2)
1. The fall of Judah (1:1-2)
2. Training for service (1:3-7)
2. Training for service (1:3-7)
3. Avoiding defilement (1:8-16)
3. Avoiding defilement (1:8-16)
4. Daniel and his friends have God-given success (1:17-20)
4. Daniel and his friends have God-given success (1:17-20)
B. God reveals Nebuchadnezzar’s dream to Daniel (2:1-49)
B. God reveals Nebuchadnezzar’s dream to Daniel (2:1-49)
1. The failure of the king’s advisors (2:1-13)
1. The failure of the king’s advisors (2:1-13)
2. God’s revelation to Daniel (2:14-23)
2. God’s revelation to Daniel (2:14-23)
3. The dream and the interpretation (2:24-45)
3. The dream and the interpretation (2:24-45)
4. The response of the king (2:46-49)
4. The response of the king (2:46-49)
C. God saves the three friends from the fiery furnace (3:1-30)
C. God saves the three friends from the fiery furnace (3:1-30)
1. The image of gold (3:1-7)
1. The image of gold (3:1-7)
2. The accusation against the three friends (3:8-12)
2. The accusation against the three friends (3:8-12)
3. The confrontation with Nebuchadnezzar (3:13-18)
3. The confrontation with Nebuchadnezzar (3:13-18)
4. Deliverance by the hand of God (3:19-27)
4. Deliverance by the hand of God (3:19-27)
5. Nebuchadnezzar worships God (3:28-30)
5. Nebuchadnezzar worships God (3:28-30)
D. The Fall of Nebuchadnezzar (4:1-37)
D. The Fall of Nebuchadnezzar (4:1-37)
1. Nebuchadnezzar’s decree (4:1-3)
1. Nebuchadnezzar’s decree (4:1-3)
2. The dream and search for interpretation (4:4-18)
2. The dream and search for interpretation (4:4-18)
3. The interpretation (4:19-27)
3. The interpretation (4:19-27)
4. The fulfillment (4:28-33)
4. The fulfillment (4:28-33)
5. Healing and restoration (4:29-31)
5. Healing and restoration (4:29-31)
E. The writing on the wall (5:1-31)
E. The writing on the wall (5:1-31)
1. The desecration of the the holy vessels (5:1-4)
1. The desecration of the the holy vessels (5:1-4)
2. The puzzle of the writing on the wall (5:5-12)
2. The puzzle of the writing on the wall (5:5-12)
3. Interpretation (5:13-28)
3. Interpretation (5:13-28)
4. Reward and punishment (5:29-31)
4. Reward and punishment (5:29-31)
F. Daniel and the Lion’s Den (6:1-28)
F. Daniel and the Lion’s Den (6:1-28)
1. The Plot (6:1-9)
1. The Plot (6:1-9)
2. The trap and reluctant punishment (6:10-18)
2. The trap and reluctant punishment (6:10-18)
3. Daniel’s rescue (6:19-24)
3. Daniel’s rescue (6:19-24)
4. Darius’ decree (6:25-28)
4. Darius’ decree (6:25-28)
G. The vision of the 4 beasts (7:1-28)
G. The vision of the 4 beasts (7:1-28)
1. Horror by the sea (7:1-8)
1. Horror by the sea (7:1-8)
2. Heavenly Power (7:9-14)
2. Heavenly Power (7:9-14)
3. Divine Victory (7:15-28)
3. Divine Victory (7:15-28)
H. The Ram and the Goat (8:1-27)
H. The Ram and the Goat (8:1-27)
1. The vision (8:1-14)
1. The vision (8:1-14)
2. The interpretation (8:15-27)
2. The interpretation (8:15-27)
I. Daniel’s prayer of repentance (9:1-27)
I. Daniel’s prayer of repentance (9:1-27)
1. Preparation (9:1-4a)
1. Preparation (9:1-4a)
2. Invocation and confession (9:4b-10)
2. Invocation and confession (9:4b-10)
3. God’s punishment (9:11-14)
3. God’s punishment (9:11-14)
4. Appeal for mercy (9:15-19)
4. Appeal for mercy (9:15-19)
5. The prophecy of the 70 weeks (9:20-27)
5. The prophecy of the 70 weeks (9:20-27)
J. The vision of the heavenly messenger (10:1-11:1)
J. The vision of the heavenly messenger (10:1-11:1)
1. Vision (10:1-9)
1. Vision (10:1-9)
2. A conversation with a supernatural being (10:10-11:1)
2. A conversation with a supernatural being (10:10-11:1)
K. The Scope and end of history (11:2-12:13)
K. The Scope and end of history (11:2-12:13)
1. Persia and Greece (11:2-4)
1. Persia and Greece (11:2-4)
2. Kings of the North and Kings of the South (11:5-20)
2. Kings of the North and Kings of the South (11:5-20)
3. The climatic king of the north (11:21-35)
3. The climatic king of the north (11:21-35)
4. The lawless king (11:36-45)
4. The lawless king (11:36-45)
5. The salvation of God’s people (12:1-4)
5. The salvation of God’s people (12:1-4)
6. Final Words (12:5-13)
6. Final Words (12:5-13)