Trials of Jesus
GOSPELS
OUTLINE OF 6 TRIALS OF CHRIST
1ST TRIAL 2ND TRIAL 3RD TRIAL 4TH TRIAL 5TH TRIAL 6TH TRIAL
JEWISH JEWISH JEWISH GENTILE GENTILE GENTILE
HOUSE OF ANNAS BEFORE AT SUN Down
BEFORE AT NIGHT CAIPHAS
Before CHIEF PRIESTS
PILATE
HEROD PILATE
AT NIGHT ELDERS= PHARISEES
SCRIBES
SADUCEES
MATT. MATT. 26:57 MATT. 27:1 MATT. 27:2 LUKE 23:7 LUKE 23:13
LUKE 22:54 LUKE 22:63 LUKE 23:1-
1ST TRIAL outline
THE LAST PUBLIC MINISTRY IN JERUSALEM
Jesus arrives at Bethany near Jerusalem
Stays in the Home of Simon the Leper
SATURDAY - HIS TRUMPHAL ENTRY - AS KING MATT. MK LUKE JOHN
Goes to the TEMPLE as King = center of Jewish Life 21:1-1 1 11:1-11 19:29-49 12:12
The Temple was center of National life
Fulfillment of Prophecy Ps. 118.26
Returns to Bethany
SUNDAY - HIS ENTRY AS PRIEST
He goes to the Temple as Priest =Cleanses the Temple as The Great High Preist.
Heals, the Blind, the lame. Matt. 21:12-17
Fulfillment of prophecy Ps 8:2
Returns to Bethany - the Home of Simon the Leper
2. MONDAY -HIS ENTRY AS PROPHET MATT. 21:18
Fig Tree Cursed.
Goes to the TEMPLE.
As Prophet HE TEACHES
He is questioned as to His Authority as a Prophet - Matt.21:23
He is questioned as to the Authority of John
As Prophet He teaches in Parables
A. v28 2 Sons vineyard - disobedient son = Jews
B. v33 vineyard son sent -servants murder Him = death of J.C.
C. Ch 22. 1-14 Wedding feast
As Prophet the Jews set Traps for Him.
A. Taxes v 17-22
B. Resurrection v 23-33
C. Great Commandment v 34
As Prophet He warns about Hypocrisy.
The pharoses ch. 23 8 Woes.
As Prophet He tells of coming events
The signs of the 2nd Coming Matt. 24-25
He returns to Bethany and the home of Simon the Leper Matt 26:6-13
He is anointed for Burial by women = 6 days before the Passover?
Judas plot
Eating of the last Supper.
ARREST AT NIGHT IN THE GARDEN
1ST TRIAL BEFORE ANNAS THE EX-HIGH PRIEST AT NIGHT IN HIS HOME. (JEWISH)
JOHN 18:13
Account of the trial is in John 18:19-23
Annas was the High Priest Emeritus
He was the Head of the Religious Mafia.
He made money $$ off Exchange of money in the Temple
He made money off the selling of animals for Sacrifice.
He made money of the tables in the temple
He had political control.
Jesus had cleansed the temple & thrown the Mafia out of the temple.
Annas was upset & looked for a way to get even.
Jesus was illegally arrested at Night.
He was illegally tried in a Home.
He was illegally tried at night
He was illegally tried before a High Priest who had no authority.
He was illegally beaten
Jesus was not silent- He does not "turn the other cheek"
Annas questions were irrational and unjust and Jesus let them know it was so.
2nd TRIAL BEFORE CAIAPHAS THE PRESENT HIGH PRIEST AND HEAD OF SANHEDRIN
(JEWISH)
The Trial was illegal because it was 2 AM at night
Caiaphas was the son in Law of Annas.
Luke 22:66-71
Mark 14:55-65
The High Priest was to exam the Passover Lamb to see if there were any blemishes or spots.
Jesus was the Passover Lamb, they were examining the Lamb of God that would take away the sins of the world & eliminate their jobs, but they did not know it.
ILLEGAL TO HOLD THE TRIAL AT NIGHT
1. They tried to find false witness - not truth
2. They tried to get Jesus to testify= a witness did not have to testify
3. The High Priest Tore his robes = The High Priest was forbidden to tear his clothes= he disqualified Himself
= Therefore JESUS CHRIST became the High Priest.
4. Matt 26:66 - They demanded his death = They did not give him a fair trial.
5. The council was to wait 1 or 2 days before giving a decision.
6. They (Religious leaders, The Dr. of Law and Religion, the men who were to be examples of righteousness, Justice, mercy.
a. Spit in His Face
b. Beat Him
c. Slapped him
7. It was illegal to use Judas to Betray Jesus= The law stated that if the leader was guilty the followers were guilty also.
8. They made decisions months ahead to put him to death ("IT IS BETTER THAT ONE MAN DIE FOR THE NATION THAN ALL DIE".
9. He went through unofficial trial at night so at sun up they could do it quick and legal.
3RD TRIAL BEFOR CAIAPHAS AND THE SANHEFRIN AT SUN RISE =DAYLIGHT (JEWISH)
Jesus was bound and kept tied to pillars and walls in dungeon below while Sanhedrin went home before sun up to eat and rest.
They reassembled at Sunrise
Mark 15:1
Matt. 27.1
Luke 22:66-71
The trial was in "HALL OF HEWN STONES"
They repeated the question to make it legal (in the day light)
1. No criminal Judge could pass Sentence on a criminal unless he had fasted one whole day.
2. No criminal could be executed on the same day His sentence was fixed and the next.
3. On the day of his execution, the Sanhedrin was required to review the whole proceedings.
4TH TRIAL BEFORE PILATE =1ST TIME (GENTILE) Luke 23:1
Sanhedrin tried to stampede Pilate into a quick decision -
The charge they brought him on was the issue of Taxes $$.
They did not want to pay the taxes but they used taxes as a reason to execute him.
They remained outside so they would not be defiled going into the Gentile court.
Jesus was taken in before Pilate, into the "Judges Chambers" Mark 15:2; Matt. 27:11; Luke 23:3,4; John 18:33-38;
Jesus received a Private Hearing = Illegal
Jesus politely answered Pilate’s questions
Jesus Kingdom - no human force, a Kingdom of Truth.
Jesus was King of the Jews John 18:28
Pilate pronounced Him innocent.
All the world will be judged by him, but he stood before a corrupt court to be misjudged.
He the giver of the Law is denied the protection of the law.
Jews came up with a new charge= disturbing the peace.
They were guilty of disturbing the peace many times. Mark 15:2-5; Matt. 27:12-14; Luke 23:5;
Pilate learns He is from Galilee = He passes the buck.
5TH TRIAL BEFORE HEROD ANTIPAS THE TETARCH LUKE 23:8 (GENTILE)
Jesus did not fear Herod. But Herod feared Jesus like He did John the Baptist.
Herod wanted to see signs and miracles = see what he had heard.
Herod wanted a performance - entertainment/ sideshow
Herod questioned Him at length
Jesus did not answer
Sanhedrin were present and gave false charges.
Herod dressed Jesus in Kings Robes and mocked him
Herod sends Him back to Pilate.
6TH TRIAL BEFORE PILATE 2ND TIME (GENTILE) LUKE 23:13
1st Pilate had Jesus whipped = Hoping it would satisfy the Jews and Save His life. They wanted blood so he gave them some.
His wife tells of a dream about Jesus.
2nd Pilate attempted to release Jesus
The crowed (incited by the Sanhedrin) demanded Barabass.
The crowd was calling for crucifying of Jesus (Barabass name was =Jesus Barabass)
From the dungeon all he could hear was crucify Him crucify Him.
3rd. The Sanhedrin accused Jesus of New Charge = Blasphemy.
4th. Pilate takes him into the inner chamber and questions
Where do you come from?
Jesus gives a statement on power.
5th. Pilate goes out to Jews. To persuade them to give up their demands.
6th. Jesus is brought before the Bema Seat.
7th. Pilate washes his hands = Blood be on you and your children = 70 AD. Titus destroyed Jerusalem.
8th. Pilate releases Barabass.
9th. Pilate turns Jesus over to the Soldiers.
The Jews could not execute by crucifixion, they needed the Romans to do that.
The Jewish method of Execution was
1. Strangling
2. Stoning
3. Burning
4. Beheading.
Only the cross could provide the alter were Jesus could by his own free will offer himself as the Lamb of God. Any other form of execution would have required a miracle to keep him alive to be a voluntary sacrifice. On the cross it was a miracle that He died when He did.
See John 19:7 that granted the right to execute JESUS CHRIST was not enough because:
1. They did not use crucifixion
2. Mosaic law required them to take the body down by sunset and he would not be dead= so they would save his life.
Deut 21:22-23
1. A man was stationed at the door of the Court with a flag, and another was on horseback to cry the name of the criminal and his crime and his witnesses.- to know if any could testify in his favor.
2. The prisoner on His way to execution had the right to turn back 3 times and to plead any new thing in his favor.
TRIUMPHAL ENTRY & TRIALS OF J.C.
CHRIST IN THE FOUR GOSPELS
CHRIST IN THE FOUR GOSPELS
BOOK MATTHEW MARK LUKE JOHN_
SERVANT Zech. 9:9 Isa. 52:13 Zech. 6:12 Isa. 40:10
DATE WRITTEN A.D.58-68 A.D. 55-65 A.D. 60-68 A.D. 80-90
PRESENTED TO JEWS To Romans To Greeks To The World
(Religious) (Pragmatic) (Idealistic) (Universal)
ANCESTRY To Abraham None To Adam God And David
TRACED To Royalty None To Humanity To Eternity
To David To Adam
SYMBOL LION OX MAN EAGLE
THEME MESSIAH-KING SERVANT PERFECT MAN SON OF GOD
/REDEEMER
EMPHASIS WHAT He What He What He What He
Taught Wrought Sought Thought
PROVISION Righteousness Service Redemption Life
3:15 10:45 19:10 10:10
KEY WORD Sovereignty Ministry Humanity Deity
PICTURED AS Promised Powerful Perfect Personal
Saviour Saviour Saviour Saviour
PERSPECTIVE ---------------HISTORICAL---------------- THEOLOGICAL
UNIQUE MATERIAL -Less unique Matt. 42%; Mark. 7%; Luke 59%-- John- 92%
CHRONOLOGY ---------- Only one Passover mentioned---- 3 or 4 Passovers mentioned
GEOGRAPHY ---------- Mainly Galilean Ministry----- Judean Ministry
Discourse Mainly Public------------------ More private
Teaching Method ----Parables------------------------ Allegories
Teaching Emphasis --------More on ethical, practical----- Person of Christ
COMPARATIVE VIEW OF THE FOUR GOSPELS
BOOK MATTHEW MARK LUKE JOHN_
PRE-Incarnation
PRE-Existence of Jesus 1:1-3
Jesus' Birth 1,2 1,2
John The Baptist 3:1-12 1:1-8 3:1-20 1:6-42
Jesus' Baptism 3:13-17 1:9-11 3:21-22
Temptation 4:1-11 1:12-13 4:1-13
1st miracle 2:1-11
Judean Ministry 2:13-4:3
Visit to Samaria 4:4-42
Galilean Ministry 4:12-19:1 1:14-10:1 4:14-9:51 4:43-54
About 2 years 6:1-7:1
Visit to Jerusalem 5:1-47
Later Judean Ch 19,20 Ch 10 9:51-19:28 7:2-11:57
About 4 months
The Last Week Ch 21-27 Ch 11-15 19:29-24:1 Ch 12-19
Post-Resurrection Ch 28 Ch 16 Ch 24 Ch 20-21
Ministry
TYPE OF MEN THEN AND NOW
Christ was going to be presented to widely different types of men, who made up the world.
Each race was capable of appreciating one particular kind of presentation more than another.
MATTHEW = TO THE JEWS
There were four classes of people in Jesus' day that represent four types of men today.
The Jew had his special training. He was steeped in Old Testament scripture and the prophets.
Matthew writes the story of Jesus' life on earth especially for this people. If the Jew was to be impressed, it would have to be by one of his own race. His teacher must be a man versed in the Old Testament, and in the customs of the Jews. They must know that this Jesus came to fulfill the prophecies of the Old Testament. Over and over again we read in Matthew. "
THAT IT MIGHT BE FULFILLED AS WAS SPOKEN BY JEREMIAH THE PROPHET.."
The Jews were interested in a King, and a King must have a Genealogy.
Matthew records the Genealogy of Joseph.
He gives 3 sets of 14 names
1st Abraham To David = Theocracy
2nd Solomon To Jeconiah = Monarchy
3rd Captivity to Christ = Captivity
Some names are left out, he goes from Grandfather to Grandson.
The purpose was to make a list that was easy to memorize, with 14 names in each group. Beget does not necessarily mean immediate generation, but direct generation.
There was a curse upon the line of Joseph so that no direct descendant in that line could sit on the throne. But that curse was bypassed by adoption. Joseph was not the father of Jesus, He was only the adoptive father. So God bypassed the curse, and Jesus was the rightful heir of the throne of David.
MARK = TO THE ROMANS
Mark wrote to the Romans, the masters of the world at that time. The Romans knew nothing about the Old Testament Scripture. They were not interested in prophecy being fulfilled. But they were vitally concerned over a remarkable LEADER who had appeared in Palestine. He had claimed more than ordinary authority, and had possessed extraordinary powers. They wanted to hear more about this Jesus. What sort of a person He really was; what He had said, and what he Taught, and what He had done.
The Romans like the straightforward message of one like Mark. 1,375 times the word "and" is used in Mark. It moves on in a beauty and force all its own. Mark's Gospel is filled with deeds, to back up his words. Clearly it is the Gospel of the Ministry of Christ.
(The Roman of Jesus' day was a type of the average business man of today. He is not concerned about the genealogy or a king, but what can this man do? "WHO IS ABLE"; a God who can meet man's every need.
Mark is the business man's Gospel). They were concerned about his work.
So you will not find his Genealogy or his Great sermons, because people do not care where a worker came from or what he really has to say. They care about can he do the work.
LUKE = TO THE GREEKS
This Gospel was written by a Greek Medical Doctor, to his own countrymen who were lovers of beauty, poetry and culture. They lived in a world of large ideas. Their tastes were fastidious. The Gospel of Luke tells of the birth and childhood of Jesus. It gives the inspired songs connected with the life of Christ.
We find the salutation of Elizabeth when Mary visited her. Luke 1:42-45.
We hear the song of the virgin mother Luke 1:46-55.
Even Zacharias burst into praise when speech was restored to him. Luke 1:68-79. At the Saviour's birth a chorus of angel voices ring out Luke 2:13,14 and then the shepherd's song of praise to God in Luke 2:20 is heard. The Greeks were interested in the perfect man Luke presents the only Perfect man.
(The Greek is the type of the student and idealist today who is seeking after truth for he believes that is the goal of happiness.)
The Greeks were concerned about the Ideal man, the Ideal leader, and the Ideal teaching. Luke a Medical Doctor gives us the details about Christ conception and birth. He gives us the Record of Mary's Genealogy to show that J.C. is the perfect man.
JOHN = TO ALL MEN
John is written to all men, that they might believe that Jesus is the Christ. Christ is portrayed as the Son of God. This Gospel is filled with extraordinary claims that attest His divine Character and mission.
(The "all men" of John's day were like the masses today who need Christ. They include the "whosoever" who will believe on the Lord Jesus because they have a sense of need and want to receive the gift of eternal life through JESUS CHRIST the Lod.
Because John presents Jesus Christ as God, God has no Genealogy, He has no birth, He is not tempted.
These are omitted by John.
WHY FOUR GOSPELS?
The Gospels Record 180 Events concerning J.C.
From the Angels Announcement to His Ascension.
God is using each writer to present Jesus in a unique way to appeal to a different type of people.
There is a significant parallel between the four Gospels and the "four living creature" of Ezekiel. Ezekiel 1:10 says, " AS FOR THE LIKENESS OF THEIR FACES, THEY FOUR HAD THE FACE OF A MAN,
AND THE FACE OF A LION, ON THE RIGHT SIDE; AND THEY FOUR HAD THE FACE OF AN OX
ON THE LEFT SIDE; THEY FOUR ALSO HAD THE FACE OF AN EAGLE."
The lion speaks of strength and kingship
The man, highest intelligence
The ox of lowly service
The eagle of heavenliness, Divinity.
The 4 Gospels we see JESUS CHRIST
In Matthew, the Messiah-King (the lion)
In Mark, Jehovah's Servant (the Ox)
In Luke, The Son of Man (the Man)
In John, The Son of God (the Eagle)
In Matt we find the record of the Genealogy of Joseph
In Luke we find the record of the Genealogy of Mary
Sovereign, He comes to reign and rule. - Matt.
Servant , He comes to serve and suffer. - Mark
Son of Man He comes to share and to sympathize. - Luke
Son of God , He comes to redeem. - John
So in the four Gospels we see
Sovereignty,
Humility,
Humanity
THE CHARACTERISTIC ENDING OF THE 4 GOSPELS
Matthew ends with our LORD'S RESURRECTION MATT. 28
Mark ends with our LORD'S ASCENSION MARK 16:19-20
Luke ends with our LORD'S PROMISE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT. LUKE 24:49
John ends with our LORD'S PROMISE OF HIS SECOND COMING JOHN 21:20-23
Thus we see that Matthew, the Gospel of the Messiah-King should end with the resurrection-the crowning proof of His Messiahship.
Mark, the Gospel of the Lowly Servant, ends with the lowly One exalted in place of Glory and Honor.
Luke, the Gospel of the Ideal Man, ends with the promise of a Comforter to Man.
John, the Gospel of the Divine Son, ends with the Lord's own promise of His return.
WHY FOUR GOSPELS?
MATTHEW
WALK THRU THE GOSPELS
I. PREPARATION FOR MINISTRY
II. OPENING EVENTS
BY SATAN
III. EARLY JUDEAN MINISTY
IV. SAMARITAN MINISTRY
AT THE WELL
V. GALILEAN MINISTRY
OF THE 12
ON THE MT
FROM SATAN
VI. LATER JUDEAN MINISTRY
VII. PEREAN MINISTRY
Couting THE COST
Finding THE LOST
VIII. CLOSING EVENTS
WALK THRU THE GOSPELS OUTLINE
WALK THRU THE GOSPELS
I. PREPARATION FOR MINISTRY
Bethlehem
Nazareth
Carpenter
II. OPENING EVENTS
Jordan
Baptised by John
Wilderness
Temptation by SATAN
III. EARLY JUDEAN MINISTY
Jerusalem
Second BIRTH
IV. SAMARITAN MINISTRY
Sychar
Women at THE WELL
V. GALILEAN MINISTRY
Nazarth
Rejected
election of the 12
Sermon ON THE MT.
er FROM SATAN
Parables START
Storm STILLED
Crowd Filled
Testimony OF Peter
Transfiguration
VI. LATER JUDEAN MINISTRY
Jerusalem
Stones Flew
Jesus Withdraws
VII. PEREAN MINISTRY
Perea
Counting THE COST
Seeking THE LOST
VIII. CLOSING EVENTS
Judah
Nazareth
Lazarus Raised
achies
Raised
Jerusalem
Triumphal
Temple Cleansed
Last Supper
Prayer
Betrayal
Trial
Denial
Crucifixion
RAISED
WALK THRU THE GOSPELS COMPLETE
THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW
1. BIRTH OF THE KING CREDENTIALS
. BAPTISM OF THE KING
4. TEMPTATION OF THE KING
SERMON ON THE MOUNT
WORDS OF A KING =PLATFORM FOR A KING
=PATTERN = WORDS
10 WORKS
8 - 9 SERIES OF MIRACLES WORKS OF A KING REACTION
NOT CHRONOLOGICAL BUT LOGICAL
10 - 15 SPREAD OF OPPOSITION REACTION TO THE KING
JOHN THE BAPTIST
PHARISEES
MULTITUDE
16 - 23 MANY DISCOURSES PREACHING
28 TEACHINGS
1 DISCOURSE
4 MIRACLES
=FINAL INFORMATION
24 -25 ONE DISCOURSE
26 - 27 DEATH OF THE KING
28 RESURRECTION OF THE KING.