Sermon Tone Analysis

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*INTRO:* - Earnest seeking God - met with Him on Sinai - genuinely discerned His voice, met יהוה face to face!
What did He say?
- ?
Depressed, low in faith.
Away from God, afraid.
?afraid - stood before Ahab and confronted whole nation single handed.
?
depressed - had determination and motivation and will power to go 40 days without food and walk to Sinai.
?
low in faith - called down fire from heaven, prayed for rain; ?
Away from God - fed by angels, twice God aided him on his journey; God spoke with him - close enough to God to know genuine voice and not be taken in by dramatic display.
- God holds Elijah as archetypal prophet - was one of only two in the Bible who did not die, was with Jesus on mount of Transfiguration, will appear to herald Jesus.
This is the prophet above all others (except Jesus) that has God’s seal of approval.
- Here is a man who has pressed into God, not been satisfied with trivial answer, surface level.
Sought God earnestly - the covenant had been broken, relationship with Gods people was over - what now?
- God asks “why there?” - same reply.
Elijah’s evaluation of nation - does יהוה endorse or correct His servant?
- Elijah’s purpose was to turn people’s hearts back to God - but they had not turned - what now?
 
*Exposition of 1 Kings 19 - judgment, judgment, judgment!
- but remnant.*
יהוה said precisely the same thing to him as when the word of the LORD first came to him when he arrived at the mountain: "What to you here Elijah?"
It confirmed that Elijah had been hearing accurately before.
But why did יהוה ask the same question?
Was Elijah’s last answer unsatisfactory?
Did He expect a different answer after the awesome things that had taken place?
Would Elijah say the same thing when standing right before יהוה Himself?
*1 Kings 19:14* - Elijah said precisely the same thing - word for word.
The same question elicited the same response (cf. 1 Kings 19:10).
Nothing had changed - a great demonstration of almighty power, the presence of יהוה Himself didn’t alter the situation.
The stat of Israel as a nation in covenant relationship with יהוה was beyond hope, irredeemable.
The presence of יהוה didn’t change that, for He had revealed Himself in power to Israel and still they rejected Him in favour of Baal.
The covenant was broken, the worship of יהוה obliterated and Elijah remained zealous for יהוה and would not forsake that zeal - he would still seek יהוה and covenant relationship with Him even though the rest of the nation had determined to reject Him.
*1 Kings 19:15* - Neither this time, nor the time before, does יהוה argue with Elijah or suggest his evaluation is wrong.
When you are in the presence of God you tell the truth!
He makes sure Elijah is utterly convinced of his evaluation of the nation but He accepts it.
Elijah’s evaluation is that Israel is apostatized beyond hope, יהוה had done everything to turn their hearts back to Him but they would not be turned.
Therefore the only thing left for them was judgment.
יהוה endorses this evaluation and issues the order for that judgment to be carried out (1 Kings 19:15-17).
Israel would be utterly and thoroughly destroyed - יהוה was very careful to ensure none escaped.
But also acknowledging that Elijah remained zealous for יהוה, He granted a new covenant relationship - no longer with the nation as a whole - the relationship had changed - now He moved to having that covenant relationship with a /remnant/ - a subset that kept themselves pure in their allegiance to יהוה (cf. 1 Kings 19:18; Rom 9:4-16, 27; 11:1-5).
Now God’s covenant promise applies to a *remnant* - those who He has chosen for Himself by grace, who have kept themselves from idolatry and remained zealous, faithful and true to יהוה - this is not because of their inherent goodness but because God chose them, in His grace and decided and determined that they would remain faithful.
"*/I/*/ have kept/ for Myself ....".
It is not us who keeps ourselves (Jude 24; Phil 1:6; Rom 14:4; 1 Thess 5:24).
So יהוה gives Elijah instructions to anoint Hazael to be king of Syria.
The purpose of this is that he may execute judgment on Israel (see 1 Kings 19:17), killing them by the sword.
It shows the international influence Elijah had and the respect in which he was held, if could anoint king someone in a neighbouring country.
Hazael means "God sees" - indeed God saw the condition of Israel and it was in accord with Elijah’s evaluation hence the judgment by the sword.
He was a powerful king of Syria, God’s scourge to Israel during the reign of Jehoram, Jehu and Jehoahaz.
יהוה told Elijah to return to his way of the desert (this doesn’t refer to Damascus (cf.
NASB) - a river runs through Damascus) - he was to go to Damascus by way of the desert i.e. east of Jordan, not entering Israel.
But more, יהוה was saying that Elijah was to return to the desert - this was to be his place of abode, this is where he would meet with God, in the lonely place apart from the life of the nation (cf.
John the Baptist who was also a desert dweller.).
*1 Kings 19:16* - Elijah maintained that Israel was corrupt beyond remedy - a new order was called for - יהוה gave the instructions for the establishment of this new order.
Jehu was to be anointed king of Israel - a different dynasty to that of Omri.
Elisha was to be anointed prophet.
Jehu’s role was to destroy the Ahab~/Omri dynasty (2 Kings 9:1-10).
He was the son of Jehoshaphat (2 Kings 9:2 - Nimshi was his grandfather) - i.e."יהוה judges" - note the repeated emphasis on judgment.
The time had come for judgment of Israel.
יהוה endorses Elijah’s evaluation of the nation.
Jehu rid Israel of Baal worship and the dynasty of Omri (2 Kings 10:1-28).
תַּחַת may mean Elisha was anointed /in place of/ Elijah, but could also mean /under/ him.
Elijah’s ministry had to all intents come to an end - his role had been to turn the nation back to יהוה, now Elisha was to be prophet - his role was that of judgment, but also salvation (Elisha means "God saves") through judgment salvation would come.
Idolatry would be destroyed and through the faithful remnant salvation would come.
*1 Kings 19:17* - יהוה instructed Elijah to anoint Hazael as king of Syria, Jehu as king of Israel and Elisha as prophet in his place - each was/ anointed/ - i.e.
Divinely commissioned for the task, the task of executing judgment on Israel.
יהוה now outlines their task, the role for which He has commissioned them:- All three were part of the same Divine intent and purpose:/ /*judgment* upon the nation of Israel - their role was to kill!
To destroy by the sword.
There was a three layered system to ensure that no one escaped the judgment of the sword.
The first line was Hazael, those who escaped his sword would be put to death by the sword of Jehu, and if any managed to escape this second line, they would be killed by Elisha.
Elijah continued to minister before Elisha took over; BenHadad ruled for some time before Hazael replaced him; after Ahab came Ahaziah and then Jehoram before Jehu took the throne.
This implies יהוה is referring to some time down the track.
All three were anointed by יהוה to bring /death/ to Israel.
Israel was contaminated, rotten with idolatry, beyond repair - this evil had to be extirpated.
The only way to deal with this ingrained, inveterate, idolatry was to wipe the nation out, to destroy the idolaters, bring them to death.
How does this line up with our concept of God?
He instructed Israel to destroy, completely wipe out the inhabitants of the land because they were irredeemably corrupted with idolatry.
Because they did not do so, they themselves became corrupted and ended being destroyed (cf.
Num 33:55,56).
If we don’t get rid of all evil and destroy it we will meet the fate we should have executed - we ourselves will be destroyed.
With evil, with idolatry, it is either ruthlessly destroy or be ruthlessly destroyed.
Anointed by God to kill and destroy God’s people - can we conceive this possibility?
But God’s plan of judgment was ruthless and thorough - none was to be allowed to escape.
This evil had to be utterly purged from His people.
God’s will was to bring death to these people, death to idolaters - *all *those who place something before Him in their life.
*1 Kings 19:18* - So then was Israel finished with?
By no means - יהוה had made promises to Israel and to Abraham that will never be broken - but not all Israel is Israel (cf.
Rom 9:6-29; 10:21-11:10, 25-36).
At this stage there is a change in God’s dealings with His people - a change of dispensation as there was at Sinai when Moses went up the mountain.
Prior to then יהוה dealt individually with the patriarchs, entered into covenant relationship with them individually and personally; at Sinai there was a change, Israel became a nation, יהוה entered into covenant relationship with the nation as a whole, collectively Now that covenant has been broken, Israel failed to meet the terms by obstinately and continually pursuing idolatry - so now יהוה no longer deals with Israel as a whole but turns to dealing in covenant relationship with a *remnant*.
It is to the remnant that יהוה now transfers the promises.
The rest were to be put to death.
But He "kept for Himself" (cf.
Rom 11:4) 7,000 who had kept themselves pure, untainted by idolatry.
This was not their own doing, because they were better, more righteous, than the rest - it was solely due to Gods /grace/ - His gracious choice.
He /chose/, selected certain ones to be kept free from idolatry.
At heart man is inveterately evil (Jer 17:9; Rom 3:9-20, 23) but God choses some from among them for Himself so that there is some left for Him to deal with and reveal Himself through to the rest of the world.
It is not due to any merit in themselves - the remnant exists because of יהוה’s gracious choice and mercy upon them.
They remained free from idolatry only because יהוה had chosen them to remain so and determined that they would be so - it is all יהוה’s doing - so /all/ glory belongs to Him /alone/.
Elijah said that he was the only one left who was zealous for יהוה (cf. 1 Kings 19:10, 14) - was he correct?
There was Obadiah (1 Kings 18:3,4) and the 100 prophets he saved (1 Kings 18:4, 13) - but where were the followers of יהוה on Mount Carmel?
(cf. 1 Kings 18:21) - no one answered in support of יהוה - Elijah was there alone.
Elijah was not lying - as far as he was concerned and aware, he was the only one left.
It can seem like that, that you are the only one remaining true to יהוה and not going along out of self interest and selfish motives - where are they that live and burn for God’s glory alone?
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