What Is The Resurrection?

What Is The Resurrection? • Sermon • Submitted 4 years ago

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The death and resurrection of Lazarus as a platform for Jesus Christ to also be raised, AND the source of the resurrection. Explain how He is the SOURCE of the resurrection.

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Introduction

What are we resurrected into?

Define: We need to understand what we are talking about when we consider “the resurrection” of anyone.

The Theological Dictionary of the New Testament A. Meanings of ἀνιστάναι and ἐξανιστάαι.

́ναι and ἐξανιστάαι.

In respect of the trans. and intrans. use the words follow the simple form, and the meaning in the Bible is in accord with general usage. a. trans. of persons (since Homer); “to raise up,” e.g., one who is lying down or crouching (Ac. 9:41); “to awaken” one who is asleep; “to institute or instal” someone in a function, to “institute” a high-priest (Hb. 7:11, 15); “to deport” a people; of objects (post-Homeric): “to set up” pillars or altars; “to repair” walls. b. Intrans. “to rise up” or “to waken” from sleep (Ac. 12:7), from bed (Lk. 11:7); esp. of the sick (Lk. 4:39) and the lame (Mk. 9:27; Ac. 14:10); “to recover” ἐκ τῆς νόσου; “to rise up to speak” (Lk. 10:25; Ac. 5:34; 13:16; ἐξανίστασθαι, 15:5) in judgment as a judge or witness (Mk. 14:60 and par. 57); “to rise up in enmity

Analytical Lexicon of the Greek New Testament ἐγείρω

ἐγείρω fut. ἐγερῶ; 1aor. ἤγειρα; pf. pass. ἐγήγερμαι; 1aor. pass. ἠγέρθην; 1fut. pass. ἐγερθήσομαι; (1) transitively and literally, of a sleeping person; (a) active wake, rouse (MT 8.25); (b) passive with an intransitive meaning wake up, awaken (MT 1.24); figuratively, of a state of watchfulness or readiness become aware, think carefully, pay attention (EP 5.14);

Two words:

ἐγείρω = to arouse/awaken

ἀνάστασις = to raise up/to stand again

Idea? = both are true of the resurrection of the dead.

This contrasts the idea that death is called “sleep” in many passages (; cf.)

The Time of the End

1 “Now at that time Michael, the great prince who stands guard over the sons of your people, will arise. And there will be a time of distress such as never occurred since there was a nation until that time; and at that time your people, everyone who is found written in the book, will be rescued.

2 “Many of those who sleep in the dust of the ground will awake, these to everlasting life, but the others to disgrace and everlasting contempt.

Ezekiel 37:1–14 NASB95

1 The hand of the Lord was upon me, and He brought me out by the Spirit of the Lord and set me down in the middle of the valley; and it was full of bones. 2 He caused me to pass among them round about, and behold, there were very many on the surface of the valley; and lo, they were very dry. 3 He said to me, “Son of man, can these bones live?” And I answered, “O Lord God, You know.” 4 Again He said to me, “Prophesy over these bones and say to them, ‘O dry bones, hear the word of the Lord.’ 5 “Thus says the Lord God to these bones, ‘Behold, I will cause breath to enter you that you may come to life. 6 ‘I will put sinews on you, make flesh grow back on you, cover you with skin and put breath in you that you may come alive; and you will know that I am the Lord.’ ” 7 So I prophesied as I was commanded; and as I prophesied, there was a noise, and behold, a rattling; and the bones came together, bone to its bone. 8 And I looked, and behold, sinews were on them, and flesh grew and skin covered them; but there was no breath in them. 9 Then He said to me, “Prophesy to the breath, prophesy, son of man, and say to the breath, ‘Thus says the Lord God, “Come from the four winds, O breath, and breathe on these slain, that they come to life.” ’ ” 10 So I prophesied as He commanded me, and the breath came into them, and they came to life and stood on their feet, an exceedingly great army. 11 Then He said to me, “Son of man, these bones are the whole house of Israel; behold, they say, ‘Our bones are dried up and our hope has perished. We are completely cut off.’ 12 “Therefore prophesy and say to them, ‘Thus says the Lord God, “Behold, I will open your graves and cause you to come up out of your graves, My people; and I will bring you into the land of Israel. 13 “Then you will know that I am the Lord, when I have opened your graves and caused you to come up out of your graves, My people. 14 “I will put My Spirit within you and you will come to life, and I will place you on your own land. Then you will know that I, the Lord, have spoken and done it,” declares the Lord.’ ”

Resurrection is that action of being aroused from dead, by the work of God in the soul and body, and made to stand up again, having the soul and body reunited.

How is that compared to Jesus Christ? Is it the same?

40 But Peter sent them all out and knelt down and prayed, and turning to the body, he said, “Tabitha, arise.” And she opened her eyes, and when she saw Peter, she sat up.

41 And he gave her his hand and raised her up; and calling the saints and widows, he presented her alive.

V.24 "Martha says to Him, "I know that he will arise again in the resurrection in the last day." This is a powerful statement of the understanding that Martha has.She believes in Christ. She believes in the resurrection. She understands that there is a coming resurrection.She obviously is not partial to the Sadducean party. Where did she get the idea of a resurrection of the last day?Sadducee/Essenes = no resurrection (; , ; ).Pharisees = Resurrection = ().It was a debated topic, as is evident in .In general, the common people hoped in the future.

John 11:17–27 UBS4

17 Ἐλθὼν οὖν ὁ Ἰησοῦς εὗρεν αὐτὸν τέσσαρας ἤδη ἡμέρας ἔχοντα ἐν τῷ μνημείῳ. 18 ἦν δὲ ἡ Βηθανία ἐγγὺς τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ὡς ἀπὸ σταδίων δεκαπέντε. 19 πολλοὶ δὲ ἐκ τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐληλύθεισαν πρὸς τὴν Μάρθαν καὶ Μαριὰμ ἵνα παραμυθήσωνται αὐτὰς περὶ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ. 20 ἡ οὖν Μάρθα ὡς ἤκουσεν ὅτι Ἰησοῦς ἔρχεται ὑπήντησεν αὐτῷ· Μαριὰμ δὲ ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ ἐκαθέζετο. 21 εἶπεν οὖν ἡ Μάρθα πρὸς τὸν Ἰησοῦν, Κύριε, εἰ ἦς ὧδε οὐκ ἂν ἀπέθανεν ὁ ἀδελφός μου· 22 [ἀλλὰ] καὶ νῦν οἶδα ὅτι ὅσα ἂν αἰτήσῃ τὸν θεὸν δώσει σοι ὁ θεός. 23 λέγει αὐτῇ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Ἀναστήσεται ὁ ἀδελφός σου. 24 λέγει αὐτῷ ἡ Μάρθα, Οἶδα ὅτι ἀναστήσεται ἐν τῇ ἀναστάσει ἐν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ ἡμέρᾳ. 25 εἶπεν αὐτῇ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἀνάστασις καὶ ἡ ζωή· ὁ πιστεύων εἰς ἐμὲ κἂν ἀποθάνῃ ζήσεται, 26 καὶ πᾶς ὁ ζῶν καὶ πιστεύων εἰς ἐμὲ οὐ μὴ ἀποθάνῃ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. πιστεύεις τοῦτο; 27 λέγει αὐτῷ, Ναὶ κύριε, ἐγὼ πεπίστευκα ὅτι σὺ εἶ ὁ Χριστὸς ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ ὁ εἰς τὸν κόσμον ἐρχόμενος.

17 By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and he who had received the promises was offering up his only begotten son;

18 it was he to whom it was said, “In Isaac your descendants shall be called.”

19 He considered that God is able to raise people even from the dead, from which he also received him back as a type.

2 “Many of those who sleep in the dust of the ground will awake, these to everlasting life, but the others to disgrace and everlasting contempt.

3 “Those who have insight will shine brightly like the brightness of the expanse of heaven, and those who lead the many to righteousness, like the stars forever and ever.

19 Your dead will live;

Their corpses will rise.

You who lie in the dust, awake and shout for joy,

For your dew is as the dew of the dawn,

And the earth will give birth to the departed spirits.

20 Come, my people, enter into your rooms

And close your doors behind you;

Hide for a little while

Until indignation runs its course.

21 For behold, the Lord is about to come out from His place

To punish the inhabitants of the earth for their iniquity;

And the earth will reveal her bloodshed

And will no longer cover her slain.

See !! Thus, to see the resurrection is to hope in the future restoration of Israel, of which Lazarus would be included. However, her understanding, like most, is deficient.

V.25 "Jesus said to her, "I am the resurrection and the life. The one believing into Me will not ever perish.""

He is not just the resurrection, but the resurrection and the life.

What does this mean?

John 5:25–29 NASB95

25 “Truly, truly, I say to you, an hour is coming and now is, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live. 26 “For just as the Father has life in Himself, even so He gave to the Son also to have life in Himself; 27 and He gave Him authority to execute judgment, because He is the Son of Man. 28 “Do not marvel at this; for an hour is coming, in which all who are in the tombs will hear His voice, 29 and will come forth; those who did the good deeds to a resurrection of life, those who committed the evil deeds to a resurrection of judgment.

Notice that Jesus said that a day is coming when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God and will live!

And, what just happened prior to this statement to Martha and Mary?

Notice

Jesus cried out with a loud voice, John tells us.

This crying out and calling for a person by name is exactly what He will do when He raises all people from the dead.

This is not simply a statement of a general resurrection.

In Christ there is also, of necessity, life.

Instead of doctrinal orthodoxy, Jesus calls her to look to Him for a resurrection.

; ,

He is in command of the life of every person of all time.

V.26 "And every/each one living and believing into Me! Will not in any way perish into the age.""living and believing" = v. 25 Resurrection and life = Jesus Christ. Even the dead will be raised, but for judgment of eternal death.Jesus is caling her to understand the fundamental difference between Himself and every other teacher (who espouses a future hope). He teaches the future resurrection.But unlike others, He claims He is in charge of that resurrection!!!That is why He says this (v.26).Now, taking her heart away from Lazarus for a moment, He demands to know what she really believes."Do you believe" NO."Do you believe THIS?! = YES.Jesus does not ask for doctrinal positions here. He is requesting, from her own lips, what she believes in her heart about what He just said."This" = the sovereignty of Jesus Christ over the resurrection of the OT.

The Resurrection

But, how can we better understand the resurrection?

25 וַאֲנִ֣י יָ֭דַעְתִּי גֹּ֣אֲלִי חָ֑י וְ֝אַחֲר֗וֹן עַל־עָפָ֥ר יָקֽוּם׃

26 וְאַחַ֣ר ע֖וֹרִֽי נִקְּפוּ־זֹ֑את וּ֝מִבְּשָׂרִ֗י אֶֽחֱזֶ֥ה אֱלֽוֹהַּ׃

25 “As for me, I know that my Redeemer lives,

And at the last He will take His stand on the earth.

26 “Even after my skin is destroyed,

Yet from my flesh I shall see God;

27 Whom I myself shall behold,

And whom my eyes will see and not another.

My heart faints within me!

Job understood something here.

He understood that God will be alive at the last day.He understood that he would be alive at that last day.He understood that there would be a last day.

How did he know these things?

Man was given the Tree of Life.

This Tree was to perpetuate life and vitality for the enjoyment of man forever.

1 Then he showed me a river of the water of life, clear as crystal, coming from the throne of God and of the Lamb,

2 in the middle of its street. On either side of the river was the tree of life, bearing twelve kinds of fruit, yielding its fruit every month; and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations.

So much so, that when man died, and was confined to death, he was forbidden to eat from this tree lest the curse be reversed apart from Christ (?).

The curse on the man was that of death (2:17).

What kind of death?

A cutting off from life, i.e. God Himself.

Adam did, in fact, die once he ate of the Tree (.)

Death, the result of obvious deception by the Devil, was promised and initiated by God toward the man and his wife.

However, God also promised that the works of the Devil would also be done away with, namely death.

The life of God, promised to the sons of God, would continue.

The act of the curse that stopped life would be destroyed and life would reign.

Job lived during the time of Abraham, or just before.

From creation to the flood = 1656 years.From the flood to Abraham = 292 years.

Noah died 58 years after Abraham was born.The oral record of creation, the promise, etc. would have been well preserved.

Therefore, even though man, in Adam, was promised death, and got it, man was also promised life ().

However, this life, the destruction of the Destroyer, is yet to be.

The result derived from this truth would have lead to an inescapable conclusion-resurrection..

Abraham was willing to believe that in order for God to keep His promises, He would have to raise Isaac from the dead after Abraham killed him.

This is an understanding that death does not hold where God has promised life.

13 All these died in faith, without receiving the promises, but having seen them and having welcomed them from a distance, and having confessed that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.

14 For those who say such things make it clear that they are seeking a country of their own.

Therefore, all the fathers died with a sense of the future, which:Denounced the present world under the curse:

14 Nevertheless death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who had not sinned in the likeness of the offense of Adam, who is a type of Him who was to come.

Looked forward to the time when the original work of God was restored. The only way this can happen is by means of the resurrection.

4 Or do you think lightly of the riches of His kindness and tolerance and patience, not knowing that the kindness of God leads you to repentance?

5 But because of your stubbornness and unrepentant heart you are storing up wrath for yourself in the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God,

6 who will render to each person according to his deeds:

7 to those who by perseverance in doing good seek for glory and honor and immortality, eternal life;

8 but to those who are selfishly ambitious and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, wrath and indignation.

9 There will be tribulation and distress for every soul of man who does evil, of the Jew first and also of the Greek,

10 but glory and honor and peace to everyone who does good, to the Jew first and also to the Greek.

Vanquishing of the curse of death. The proof of this reality, which is the cause of tremendous hope, is the resurrection of Jesus Christ Himself.

Restoration of life.Reconstitution of the body.

12 All things are lawful for me, but not all things are profitable. All things are lawful for me, but I will not be mastered by anything.

13 Food is for the stomach and the stomach is for food, but God will do away with both of them. Yet the body is not for immorality, but for the Lord, and the Lord is for the body.

14 Now God has not only raised the Lord, but will also raise us up through His power.

The concept of life from death was preposterous to the world.

The Greeks: The parallel between these traditional beliefs and the later resurrection of Jesus was not lost on the early Christians, as Justin Martyr argued: "when we say ... Jesus Christ, our teacher, was crucified and died, and rose again, and ascended into heaven, we propose nothing different from what you believe regarding those whom you consider sons of Zeus." (1 Apol. 21). There is, however, no belief in a general resurrection in ancient Greek religion, as the Greeks held that not even the gods were able to recreate flesh that had been lost to decay, fire or consumption. The notion of a general resurrection of the dead was therefore apparently quite preposterous to the Greeks.”

, Notice that the idea of a resurrection was ridiculed.

The resurrection is an event in the future in which: The wicked are judged: (cf. v.6);

4 The wicked are not so,

But they are like chaff which the wind drives away.

5 Therefore the wicked will not stand in the judgment,

Nor sinners in the assembly of the righteous.

6 For the Lord knows the way of the righteous,

But the way of the wicked will perish.

The righteous are rewarded with physical eternal life: ;

18 “I will not leave you as orphans; I will come to you.

19 “After a little while the world will no longer see Me, but you will see Me; because I live, you will live also.

20 “In that day you will know that I am in My Father, and you in Me, and I in you.

2 “Every branch in Me that does not bear fruit, He takes away; and every branch that bears fruit, He prunes it so that it may bear more fruit.

6 “If anyone does not abide in Me, he is thrown away as a branch and dries up; and they gather them, and cast them into the fire and they are burned.

9 Therefore we also have as our ambition, whether at home or absent, to be pleasing to Him.

10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may be recompensed for his deeds in the body, according to what he has done, whether good or bad.

11 Therefore, knowing the fear of the Lord, we persuade men, but we are made manifest to God; and I hope that we are made manifest also in your consciences.

When is it?

Before the Millennium-the resurrection of the saints. .

After the Millennium-the resurrection of the wicked.

All nations will be judged then.

This is not the judgment of -> there is no mention of resurrection there.

However, all the dead will be raised in .

This includes all nations and is the final sentencing of them to the Lake of Fire.

This is the culmination as what began, at the start of the Tribulation, () the "Day of the Lord"

7 ‘Alas! for that day is great,

There is none like it;

And it is the time of Jacob’s distress,

But he will be saved from it.

11 The Lord utters His voice before His army;

Surely His camp is very great,

For strong is he who carries out His word.

The day of the Lord is indeed great and very awesome,

And who can endure it?

6 The nations made an uproar, the kingdoms tottered;

He raised His voice, the earth melted.

4 A sound of tumult on the mountains,

Like that of many people!

A sound of the uproar of kingdoms,

Of nations gathered together!

The Lord of hosts is mustering the army for battle.

What is after it?The New Heavens and the New Earth.Eternal life “Then”

15 A day of wrath is that day,

A day of trouble and distress,

A day of destruction and desolation,

A day of darkness and gloom,

A day of clouds and thick darkness,

16 A day of trumpet and battle cry

Against the fortified cities

And the high corner towers.

17 I will bring distress on men

So that they will walk like the blind,

Because they have sinned against the Lord;

And their blood will be poured out like dust

And their flesh like dung.

18 Neither their silver nor their gold

Will be able to deliver them

On the day of the Lord’s wrath;

And all the earth will be devoured

In the fire of His jealousy,

For He will make a complete end,

Indeed a terrifying one,

Of all the inhabitants of the earth.

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