Sermon Tone Analysis
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*ACTS 10:34-48 *
This section [10:1-11:18] gives an account of the progress of the gospel across the religious boundary between the Jews and the Gentiles.
The gospel vision and Christ’s mission statement was to bring the gospel to: “/the uttermost parts of the earth/” [1:8].
§ This meant the crossing of national and religious boundaries: “/Jerusalem//, Judea, Samaria, and uttermost parts/” [1:8].
§ Peter had been instrumental to preaching the gospel to the Jews: “/Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and said to them/…” [2:44ff].
§ Peter was instrumental in preaching the gospel to the Samaritans: “/when the apostles which were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent unto them Peter and John/…” [8:14].
This passage is about the introduction of the Gentiles into the church.
When we consider that the Jews looked on the Gentiles as “/the dogs/” [Mat.15:27]
we begin to realise how significant and, in many ways, unacceptable this movement would have been.
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*SOVEREIGN PREPARATION *
*1. **Cornelius *
Cornelius: “/man in Caesarea/…” [10:1].
§ 30 miles north of Joppa on the Mediterranean coast.
§ Gentile city of Judea - administrative capital of the province.
*a.
**Occupation*
Cornelius: “/a centurion of the band/…” [10:1].
§ ἑκατοντάρχης - “/centurion/” [10:1], ‘captain’; ‘company commander’.
§ A Roman legion at full strength consisted of 6,000 men, and was divided into ten cohorts of 600 men each.
A centurion commanded 100 of these men.
*b. **Description *
!
Cornelius: “/devout man, and one that feared God/…” [10:2].
§ εὐσεβὴς - “/devout/” [10:2], ‘proper attitude to the gods’;
§ φοβούμενος - “/feared/” [10:2], ‘reverence’ expressed in ‘worship’;
§ δίκαιος - “/just/” [10:22], ‘conformity to a norm or standard’;
§ Cornelius had abandoned his pagan religion and had accepted the monotheism & ethical standards of Jews.
*c. **Petitionary Prayer*
!
Cornelius in Caesarea: “/he prayed to God always/” [10:2].
§ δεόμενος - “/prayed/” [10:2], from basic meaning ‘to lack, be in need of’;
§ Present passive participle – characteristically engaged in prayer.
*d. **Preparation & Revelation *
Because of His sovereign election of Cornelius, God moved to prepare him: “/he saw in a vision/…” [10:3].
§ ὁράματι - “/vision/” [10:3], ‘revelation’; ‘message from God’.
*i. **The Answer to Prayer *
Answer to prayer: “/your prayers…come for a memorial before God/” [10:4].
§ μνημόσυνον - “/memorial/” [10:4], ‘memorial offering’;
§ Meat offering: “/memorial…on altar…sweet savour unto LORD/” [Lev.2:2].
*ii.
**The Instruction *
Cornelius, despite his sincerity and devotion, could not be saved with out the gospel.
God was arranging to provide him with that knowledge: “/send men to Joppa, and call for one Simon/…” [10:5].
§ Exact location: “/send men to Joppa/…/lodging with one Simon, a tanner/” [10:5-6].
§ Individual: “/Simon, whose surname is Peter/” [10:5].
*Application*
*2.
**Peter *
Peter: “/tarried in Joppa/…” [9:43].
§ The nearest seaport to Jerusalem on Med coast
§ Less than 40 miles NW of Jerusalem
*a. **Occupation *
!
Peter: “/one of the twelve/…” [22:47].
§ Office: “/I will give unto you the keys of the kingdom/…” [Mat.16:19].
§ Pentecost & Jews: “/Peter, standing up…Ye men of Judea/…” [2:14].
§ Samaria: “/they sent for Peter and John/…” [8:14].
*b. **Prayer *
Peter in Joppa: “/went up to the housetop to pray/…” [10:9].
§ προσεύξασθαι - “/pray/” [10:9], ‘fact of prayer without denoting its content’;
§ Worship & communion – ‘talk to a deity asking for help
§ Aorist middle – denotes the fact and the occasion.
*c. **Preparation & Revelation *
Revelation from God: “/he saw heaven opened/…” [10:11].
*i. **The Preparation *
The command: “/Rise, Peter, kill and eat/…” [10:13].
§ Old Testament: “/I am the Lord your God: you shall therefore sanctify yourselves, and you shall be holy/…” [Lev.11:44]. .
*ii. **The Resistance *
Peter operates within God-defined boundary: “/never eat anything that is common/…” [10:14].
§ Social and religious separation: “/it is unlawful for a Jew to keep company with/…” [10:28].
§ Revelation: “/all manner of four-footed beasts/…” [10:12].
§ Strong resistance: “/not so Lord/…” [10:14].
*iii.
**The Perplexity *
Peter is perplexed with what he has seen: “/Peter wondered in himself what this meant/…” [10:17].
§ διηπόρει - “/doubted/” [10:17], ‘be perplexed’; ‘divided between two’;
§ διενθυμουμένου - “/thought/” [10:17], ‘welling up inside him’;
*Application*
Factors combine to create a situation:
§ God to Cornelius: “/send men to Joppa/…” [10:5].
§ New situation; new revelation; Kingdom advancement >>> movement of personnel
* *
*3. **The Encounter *
*a. **The Submission of Cornelius *
Cornelius responded immediately: “/when the angel which spoke to Cornelius had departed/…” [10:7].
§ Obedience: “/when he had declared all things to them, he sent them to Joppa/” [10:8].
§ The servants: “/made inquiry for Simon’s house/…” [10:17].
*b. **The Submission of Peter *
Peter: “/while Peter doubted in himself/…” [10:17].
§ διηπόρει - “/doubted/” [10:17], ‘be perplexed’; ‘divided between two’;
§ διενθυμουμένου - “/thought/” [10:17], ‘welling up inside him’;
*i. **The Invitation *
The arrival of Cornelius’ servants: “/Behold, three men seek thee/” [10:19].
§ The interview: “/I ask for what intent/…” [10:29].
§ Cornelius’ explanation: “/Four days ago I was fasting/…” [10:30].
*iii.
**The Journey *
Peter: “/on the morrow went away with them/…” [10:23].
§ The encounter: “/Cornelius waited for them…and as Peter was coming in/” [10:24-25].
*Application*
God’s preparation is complete: “/immediately, I sent… done well that you have come/” [10:33a].
§ A God-enabled response to God’s call
#.
*THE GOSPEL OF SALVATION *
*1. **The Boundary of the Kingdom *
Peter must learn that the coming of Jesus Christ has brought the nature of the kingdom of God to a different expression to that taught in the Mosaic Law.
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