John 10:11-21
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“I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep.
What are some of the characteristics we find about the Good Shepherd throughout Scripture?
The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not be in want.
The Good Shepherd is Personal.
He tends his flock like a shepherd:
He gathers the lambs in his arms
and carries them close to his heart;
he gently leads those that have young.
Isai
“ ‘For this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I myself will search for my sheep and look after them. As a shepherd looks after his scattered flock when he is with them, so will I look after my sheep. I will rescue them from all the places where they were scattered on a day of clouds and darkness. I will bring them out from the nations and gather them from the countries, and I will bring them into their own land. I will pasture them on the mountains of Israel, in the ravines and in all the settlements in the land. I will tend them in a good pasture, and the mountain heights of Israel will be their grazing land. There they will lie down in good grazing land, and there they will feed in a rich pasture on the mountains of Israel. I myself will tend my sheep and have them lie down, declares the Sovereign Lord. I will search for the lost and bring back the strays. I will bind up the injured and strengthen the weak, but the sleek and the strong I will destroy. I will shepherd the flock with justice.
Notice what the shepherd does in this passage:
Search
Look after them
Rescue them
Bring them into their on land
Give them good grazing land
Search for the strays and brings them back
Binds up the injured
Strengthens the weak
Destroys the ones that don’t need Him
Shepherds with justice
Luk
Other instances of Jesus being called the Shepherd:
May the God of peace, who through the blood of the eternal covenant brought back from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great Shepherd of the sheep,
For you were like sheep going astray, but now you have returned to the Shepherd and Overseer of your souls.
And when the Chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the crown of glory that will never fade away.
1 Peter 2:25
For the Lamb at the center of the throne will be their shepherd;
he will lead them to springs of living water.
And God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.”
1 Peter
The hired hand is not the shepherd who owns the sheep. So when he sees the wolf coming, he abandons the sheep and runs away. Then the wolf attacks the flock and scatters it.
Who is the hired hand?
Could be the religious leaders of the day who perform well in normal times, provided they are paid, but when danger comes, they run away.
“Woe to the worthless shepherd,
who deserts the flock!
May the sword strike his arm and his right eye!
May his arm be completely withered,
his right eye totally blinded!”
:
References the leaders that had bad practices and principles:
their love of self, love of money, and their own bellies
the hireling loves wages more than the work
they do not value the sheep
They are dogs with mighty appetites;
they never have enough.
They are shepherds who lack understanding;
they all turn to their own way,
each seeks his own gain.
Isaiah
Those who mind their own safety more than their own duty are easy prey.
The man runs away because he is a hired hand and cares nothing for the sheep.
John 10
Why is the phrase “and cares nothing for the sheep” emphasized in John’s Gospel?
“I am the good shepherd; I know my sheep and my sheep know me—
Here, we have another emphasis on the role of the Christ- “I am the Good Shepherd”
The Lord Jesus is, will be, and forever has been the GOOD SHEPHERD.
Moses said to the Lord, “You have been telling me, ‘Lead these people,’ but you have not let me know whom you will send with me. You have said, ‘I know you by name and you have found favor with me.’
Moses said to the Lord, “You have been telling me, ‘Lead these people,’ but you have not let me know whom you will send with me. You have said, ‘I know you by name and you have found favor with me.’
Exodus 33:12
How do we know that Jesus is good?
Exodus 33:12-
He knows His sheep. He is acquainted with all that now are of Him. There is a mutual relationship be Christ and true believers. He is able to distinguish those that are His and those that are not.
For the Lord watches over the way of the righteous,
but the way of the wicked will perish.
Christ knows His
The days of the blameless are known to the Lord,
and their inheritance will endure forever.
And the Lord said to Moses, “I will do the very thing you have asked, because I am pleased with you and I know you by name.”
Exodus 33:17
Christ is known of them. There is an eye of faith because they are aware of His love.
We love because he first loved us.
But now that you know God—or rather are known by God—how is it that you are turning back to those weak and miserable principles? Do you wish to be enslaved by them all over again?
1 John
That is why I am suffering as I am. Yet I am not ashamed, because I know whom I have believed, and am convinced that he is able to guard what I have entrusted to him for that day.
There are two words for GOOD used in Greek:
AGATHOS describes that which is morally good
KALOS describes that which means in the goodness there is a certain charm that makes it lovely.
just as the Father knows me and I know the Father—and I lay down my life for the sheep.
The intimacy between the Shepherd and the sheep is modeled by the Son and the Father and the trust and love they exemplify.
“I lay down my life for the sheep”
Jesus mentions here of His willingness to die for His sheep. He also is emphasizing He is willing to be their substitute.
But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.
For if, when we were God’s enemies, we were reconciled to him through the death of his Son, how much more, having been reconciled, shall we be saved through his life!
Romans 5:8,
God made him who had no sin to be sin for us, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.
He himself bore our sins in his body on the tree, so that we might die to sins and live for righteousness; by his wounds you have been healed.
1 Peter
For Christ died for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you to God. He was put to death in the body but made alive by the Spirit,
1 Peter
His death gives life.
I have other sheep that are not of this sheep pen. I must bring them also. They too will listen to my voice, and there shall be one flock and one shepherd.
What does the sheep pen refer to?
The sheep pen refers to Judiasm
The other sheep refers to the Gentiles who are outside the covenant of Israel
Therefore, remember that formerly you who are Gentiles by birth and called “uncircumcised” by those who call themselves “the circumcision” (that done in the body by the hands of men)— remember that at that time you were separate from Christ, excluded from citizenship in Israel and foreigners to the covenants of the promise, without hope and without God in the world. But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far away have been brought near through the blood of Christ.
For he himself is our peace, who has made the two one and has destroyed the barrier, the dividing wall of hostility, by abolishing in his flesh the law with its commandments and regulations. His purpose was to create in himself one new man out of the two, thus making peace,
Ephesians
We learn from that the church was not to remain a “Jewish flock.” Peter took the Gospel to the Gentiles as we learn in . Paul took the Gospel to the far reaches of the Roman Empire.
In the church at Antioch there were prophets and teachers: Barnabas, Simeon called Niger, Lucius of Cyrene, Manaen (who had been brought up with Herod the tetrarch) and Saul.
Jesus died for all, not just the Jewish nation.
One of the hardest things to unlearn is exclusiveness. Once a people or group get the idea believing that they are privileged, it is hard for them to think that others could also belong.
The Jews believed they were exclusive. The believed they were God’s chosen people and God had no use for any other nations. Jesus is saying “there will come a day when everyone will know Him as Shepherd.”
“I, the Lord, have called you in righteousness;
I will take hold of your hand.
I will keep you and will make you
to be a covenant for the people
and a light for the Gentiles,
he says:
“It is too small a thing for you to be my servant
to restore the tribes of Jacob
and bring back those of Israel I have kept.
I will also make you a light for the Gentiles,
that you may bring my salvation to the ends of the earth.”
The Gospel of John, Volume 2 The Ultimate Unity (John 10:16)
Egerton Young was the first missionary to the native Americans. In Saskatchewan, he went out and told them of the love of God. To the Indians, it was like a new revelation. When the missionary had told his message, an old chief said: ‘When you spoke of the great Spirit just now, did I hear you say, “Our Father”?’ ‘Yes,’ said Egerton Young. ‘That is very new and sweet to me,’ said the chief. ‘We never thought of the great Spirit as Father. We heard him in the thunder; we saw him in the lightning, the tempest and the blizzard, and we were afraid. So when you tell us that the great Spirit is our Father, that is very beautiful to us.’ The old man paused, and then he went on, as a glimpse of glory suddenly shone on him. ‘Missionary, did you say that the great Spirit is your Father?’ ‘Yes,’ said the missionary. ‘And,’ said the chief, ‘did you say that he is our Father?’ ‘I did,’ said the missionary. ‘Then,’ said the old chief, like a man on whom a dawn of joy had burst, ‘you and I are brothers!’
The reason my Father loves me is that I lay down my life—only to take it up again.
John 10:17-18
The reason my Father loves me is that I lay down my life—only to take it up again. No one takes it from me, but I lay it down of my own accord. I have authority to lay it down and authority to take it up again. This command I received from my Father.”
Several Truths about Jesus from verses 17-18:
Jesus’ whole life is about obedience to God the Father.
Jesus always sees the cross and glory together. He knew He would die, and He knew that He would live again.
Jesus died willingly. He chose to do so.
At these words the Jews were again divided. Many of them said, “He is demon-possessed and raving mad. Why listen to him?”
But others said, “These are not the sayings of a man possessed by a demon. Can a demon open the eyes of the blind?”
Jesus is either lunatic or Lord. Scripture proves over and over that He was Lord.
Jesus healed the sick, fed the hungry, and comforted those in sorrow.
The effect of Jesus was not that of a madman. Millions of lives have been changed because of Jesus.
The weak became strong
The selfish have become selfless
The defeated have become victorious
The worried have experienced peace
The bad have become good
Madness could not produce such a change- only that which is from God could do so.