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Intro

Reformation Sunday!!

Textual Theological Issues

Pelagianism is the belief in Christianity that original sin did not taint human nature and that mortal will is still capable of choosing good or evil without special divine aid.

This theological theory is named after the British monk Pelagius (354–420).

Pelagius taught that the human will, as created with its abilities by God, was sufficient to live a sinless life, although he believed that God's grace assisted every good work.

Pelagianism has come to be identified with the view that human beings can earn salvation by their own efforts.

Universalism is a school of Christian theology focused around the doctrine of universal reconciliation – the view that all human beings will ultimately be "saved" and restored to a right relationship with God.

One of the tenets of Christian universalism is the belief of an afterlife without the possibility of eternal punishment in hell.

Funeral Service...

Bible Software = “He Died” = 410 results

… !

Sermon

Reign of Grace - Condition - Contrast - Covenant

The Condition

V12

World = kosmos - greek

death = ; , ; ; ;

Sin = disease - death! = ;

V13

Big Questions!!

V14

Death to all - , , , ; ;

To come = - the disciples knew it… “should they look for another”

Mr. Baxter remarks, It is indeed interesting to compare, on Scripture authority, Adam as the root of sin and death to all, with Christ, who is to all true Christians the root of holiness and life.

To come = ; ;

Horatius Bonar, the nineteenth-century Scottish hymn-writer, expressed it well:

‘Twas I that shed the sacred blood;

I nailed him to the tree;

I crucified the Christ of God;

I joined the mockery.

No matter how devastating the sin of the first, the redemptive work of the second reverses the consequences of that sin and restores people to the favor of God.

Only by grasping the seriousness of the first is one able to appreciate the remarkable magnanimity of the second.

The Contrast

The differences concern the nature of the two actions (15), their immediate results (16), and their ultimate effects

First, the nature of their actions was different.

But the gift is not like the trespass (15a).

V15

[if /then]

Many = all mankind’s guilt

; ; ; ; ;

It is not that (in Winston Churchill’s famous saying) so many owe so much to so few; it is rather that so many owe so much to only one person

Secondly, the immediate effect of their actions was different.

Again, the gift of God is not like the result of the one man’s sin (16a).

V16

Unlike one another

Thirdly, the ultimate effect of the two actions is also different (17).

V17

[if/then]

singular trespass - of Adam

; ; ;

Reign! = ; ; ; ; , ,

Here we have the idea that there is a parallel of imputation and representation.

Our salvation rests upon this.

It is through the first Adam that we are plunged into the ruin, by representation and imputation; by the Second Adam we are redeemed through representation and imputation.

Jesus Christ represented me on the cross.

On that cross, Jesus Christ paid the penalty for my sin.

And not only was my sin imputed to him, but his righteousness was imputed to me.

Death is something we earned; salvation is something that we receive as a gift.

Formerly death was our king, and we were slaves under its totalitarian tyranny.

What Christ has done for us is not just to exchange death’s kingdom for the much more gentle kingdom of life, while leaving us in the position of subjects.

Instead, he delivers us from the rule of death so radically as to enable us to change places with it and rule over it, or reign in life.

We become kings, sharing the kingship of Christ, with even death under our feet now, and one day to be destroyed.

‘Look at yourself in Adam; though you had done nothing you were declared a sinner.

Look at yourself in Christ; and see that, though you have done nothing, you are declared to be righteous.

That is the parallel.’

The Covenant

V18

;

V19

[Contrast]

; ; ; ; ;

V20

Heb.

5:8; [Phil.

2:8

, , ;

; ; ;

There is a greater measure of grace in this world than there is of sin and of evil.

Think about the implications of that

V21

, ; ;

The Reign of Grace

Nothing could sum up better the blessings of being in Christ than the expression ‘the reign of grace’.

For grace forgives sins through the cross, and bestows on the sinner both righteousness and eternal life.

Grace satisfies the thirsty soul and fills the hungry with good things.

Grace sanctifies sinners, shaping them into the image of Christ.

Grace perseveres even with the recalcitrant, determining to complete what it has begun.

And one day grace will destroy death and consummate the kingdom.

So when we are convinced that ‘grace reigns’, we will remember that God’s throne is a ‘throne of grace’, and will come to it boldly to receive mercy and to find grace for every need.

And all this is through Jesus Christ our Lord, that is, through his death and resurrection.

The same reference to the mediation of Jesus Christ also concluded the previous paragraph (verse 11) and will conclude the next three chapters (6, 7 and 8) as well as this one.