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In our last session we looked at the twelve apostles.
We learned that they were ordinary men just like us, called and trained to fulfill the mission of taking the Gospel to the world.
We know they had faults and shortcomings but through the power of the Holy Spirit and time spent with Jesus became the founders of the church.
Handout:
If we were to search the Gospels we would find 4 lists naming the twelve apostles in the New Testament.
These are found in
· Matthew 10:2-4,
· Mark 3:16-19,
· Luke 6:13-16,
· Acts 1:13.
We must remember of course that Luke wrote both the book of Luke and Acts, so we should expect to find those lists in the same order.
Take a quick look at the lists, do you see a discrepancy between Luke and Acts?
Why is that?
Because Judas wasn't around in the book of Acts.
He went out and hung himself after he betrayed Jesus.
In all four accounts the Apostles can be divided into three distinct groups.
In each group the apostles are ranked in order of importance.
If you take a look at the handout you will see that the first name it all for lists is Peter.
Peter stands out as the leader and spokesman for all twelve.
Notice that Peter heads the group that always includes Andrew, James, and John.
Group 2 always lists Phillip first, and always includes Bartholomew, Matthew, and Thomas.
Groups 3 is always led by James the son of Alpheaus, and includes Simon the Zealot, Judas the son of James (called Thaddeus in Mark and Lebbaeus whose surname was Thaddeus in Matthew) and finally Judas Iscariot.
I want to point out that immediately following Judas's name in the Gospels there is some remark identifying him as a traitor.
The three groups always appear in the same order.
First Peter's group, then Phillip's group, then James's group.
This arrangement lists the apostles in descending order based on their level of intimacy with Jesus.
Among the twelve, Peter James and John form Jesus’ inner circle.
They are with Jesus at all the major events in his ministry: on the mount of Transfiguration, and in the garden of Gethsemane.
Group 2 is mentioned in the Gospels a little less often.
Groups 3 is rarely mentioned at all.
Who is the only member we know much about in groups 3? Judas Iscariot.
Why?
Only because he is the one who betrays Jesus.
Why do you think Jesus had different relationships with the 12? Why wouldn't he have an intimate relationship with all twelve apostles?
· Think about it, how many friends do you have?
· How many intimate friends do you have?
· Are there people in your circle of friends whom you can tell certain things to and others you cannot?
· Are there people you would not trust with intimate details of your personal life?
Scripture tells us that Jesus was a man like us in every way.
They're just are certain people you can't share your deepest desires and secrets with.
They just wouldn't get it, or they might I expressed a negativity attitude which would lead you to reconsider your dreams and visions.
Back to group 1: Peter, Andrew, James, and John were tied together by common denominator's.
· They were all fishermen.
· They were two sets of brothers.
· They came from the same community.
· And were probably friends for a very longtime.
By contrast the others don't really have much in common.
Today were going to spend some time looking at Simon Peter.
In this study we will examine who Peter was, and what made him a great leader.
Ready?
Simon was a very common name in Jesus day.
In fact the gospel lists at least seven Simon's.
· Among the twelve there were actually 2 named Simon -- Simon Peter and Simon the Zealot.
· Jesus have a brother name Simon,
· Judas Iscariot's father was Simon,
· Jesus had a meal at the home of a man in Bethany name Simon the leper,
· another Simon who was a Pharisee hosted a dinner for Jesus - this is were the woman came washed Jesus feet with her tears, dried them with her hair, and anointed them with expensive perfume,
· another Simon was forced to help Jesus carry his cross - Simon of Cyrene.
Simon Peter's full name was Simon-Bar-Jonah.
That is translated Simon, son of Jonah.
Jonah is an alternate form of the name John.
So Simon-bar-Jonah is actually Simon son of John.
Jesus gave Simon a second name.
Turn with me to Luke 6:13 let's look at the list of apostles:
13When morning came, he called his disciples to him and chose twelve of them, whom he also designated apostles:
14Simon (whom he also named Peter), his brother Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew,
15Matthew, Thomas, James son of Alphaeus, Simon who was called the Zealot,
16Judas son of James, and Judas Iscariot, who became a traitor.
Notice that it says "Simon, whom he also named Peter".
Jesus didn't just give him a new name, he gave him an /also/ name - or a second name.
So sometimes he is called Simon, other times he is called Peter, and still other times he's called Simon Peter.
In this passage Jesus gives him a sort of nickname.
It means "rock".
The Greek word is /petros/, which is “a piece of the rock or a stone”.
The Aramaic version is /Cephas/, which is also translated as “a stone”.
I want you to note that this happened the very first time Simon met Jesus.
John 1:41-42
41The first thing Andrew did was to find his brother Simon and tell him, "We have found the Messiah" (that is, the Christ).
42And he brought him to Jesus.
\\ Jesus looked at him and said, "You are Simon son of John.
You will be called Cephas" (which, when translated, is Peter).
From then on "rock" was his nickname.
Let's take a little rabbit trail here to illustrate the point.
· How many of you have nicknames?
· Anybody like to share with their nickname is?
· Where did you get their nickname?
· And who gave it to you?
My mother tells the story of my father wanting boys and getting girls.
To that end he nicknamed his daughters Jr. and Moose.
Junior, because he expected his first born to be just like him and Moose because he expected his daughters to be able to do anything a man could do.
Junior didn't stick.
Moose did throughout my father's lifetime.
Back to Simon Peter: Why then if Jesus said that Simon should be called Cephas or Peter, do we find Jesus still calling him Simon?
Well just like in my example earlier, Moose denoted the character trait of strength my father wanted for his baby girl.
When she pleased him, she was Moose.
When she was in trouble she became Lenore Josephine Bernadette.
When you see Jesus referred to Peter as Simon that should be a signal to you that he is in trouble and most likely is about to be rebuked.
by nature Simon was a brash, impetuous, undependable person.
He made promises he couldn't follow through with.
He would launch wholeheartedly into something and then bail out before it got finished.
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