Do all to the Glory of God
To God be the Glory
Finally, Paul draws the threads together by reiterating what is most important for all the church members if they are to live in unity as God’s elect (10:31–11:1). Of primary importance is precisely not what so dominates the social and moral concerns of the Corinthians, that is, eating and drinking as ways of displaying personal power (or feeling excluded from it)! Rather, it is doing what brings glory to God (10:31; cf. 6:20). Paul’s social morality is resolutely theocentric and (as we shall see below, at 11:1) christocentric. As such, it is a firm corrective to (anthropocentric) patterns of behavior oriented on what brings glory to one group of people at the expense of another. In practice, this “giving glory to God” means, negatively, not hindering the salvation (present and ongoing) of either outsiders (“to Jews or to Greeks”) or insiders (“the church of God”); positively, it means following Paul’s own example of trying to “please” everyone “so that they may be saved” (10:32–33).
As in the case of the closely parallel testimony in 9:19–23, the idea of “pleasing” as many people as possible is not a matter of self-seeking servility: that is what Paul explicitly denies (10:33b). Rather, in the context of ancient treatises on political leadership, “pleasing” as many people as possible has a particular connotation: it is the sacrificial and costly business of stepping down in social status and giving up otherwise legitimate rights and privileges in order to identify with and win over the majority, that is, those at the bottom of the social scale (cf. Martin 1990). But Paul does not do this as a “party politician,” for it is parties and factions which he wants the Corinthians to leave behind in their ecclesial life. He does it because he is a servant of Christ and therefore has given over his life to the imitation of Christ: “Be imitators of me as I am of Christ” (11:1). In his sacrificial stepping down in status and renunciation of rights, Paul is doing what Christ has done in the “foolishness” (mōria) of his self-giving on the cross (cf. 1:18–25; Rom 15:1–3; Phil 2:4ff.). This is the demanding, christomorphic model which Paul embodies and which he exhorts the Corinthians to embody also.