Isaiah - Intro
The Gospel According to the OT • Sermon • Submitted
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Intro
Group Intro
- What we do
Scripture
Hear God speak, not self help or opinions
Scripture transforms us
It is the foundation for the other two
Prayer
Us speaking back to God
Acknowledging the truth of scripture
Community
The context that scripture and prayer are effective
Not just socializing - ministering the gospel to each other
Hebrews - Goal
We are here to become spiritually mature
Regardless of where you are in your relationship with Jesus, you are called to grow
Why study scripture?
God’s firm revelation
Do we or God define reality? Revelation givers vs receivers
“And we have something more sure [than the transfiguration], the prophetic word…for no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.” – & 21
Scripture has power, not just trivial truth
“For the word of God is living and active, sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing to the division of soul and of spirit, of joints and of marrow, and discerning the thoughts and intentions of the heart.” –
“All scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction and for training in righteousness.” –
Study Intro - Why study Isaiah?
Challenges
Fire and Brimstone
Scope
Literary style
Role in the Bible
Quotations in NT
Stats
Jesus First Sermon
Bridge between Moses and Jesus
Breadth of the theology
Lesson Intro
The Gospel!
Why did we study Romans or Judges? - The Gospel!
Read
The Word of the Lord Interpretation - v. 2, 20, 24
Meaning vs application
Meaning of scripture
1 definite meaning independent of the reader
1 meaning does not mean the it is one dimensional
Scripture is rich and multifaceted
Crystal analogy – Makes connections to multiple truths
Circle analogy - Certain aspects are more central than others
Ex: promise to David & his throne
One sense it was a promise to have a literal king over a literal Israel, but that only lasted 500 years
Another sense it means something greater - Jesus is king over the people of God throughout all time
Application of scripture
Application of scripture
How does biblical truth intersect your life?
Looks different for individuals, cultures, times, etc.
Idols - we are not bowing down to little wood figures, but we still have things in our life that we are worshipping instead of God
Principals of interpretation (Hermeneutics)
You need the Holy Spirit and faith to properly understand
Not due to the fact scripture is inherently confusing. As we will see, even clear truths are obscured by our sinful nature
Not due to the fact scripture is inherently confusing. As we will see, even clear truths are obscured by our sinful nature
Exegetical understanding
We pull meaning out of the text, rather than bring in our own predefined categories
Means context is necessary to fully understand – ex. inspirational quote
Immediate context in passage & book
Grammar and meaning of words (ultimately original languages)
Flow of thought – why is this here?
Passage/book context
Types of literature – literal discussion
Historical context
Who, what, when, where etc.
Cultural references, etc (Meaning of swift she-camel)
Why is this in here? – Not all examples are normative
Scriptural context
Scripture interprets scripture
All scripture points to Christ
What themes does the passage connect to
Outside help?
Our reason
Not all truths are explicitly stated – Trinity
But hold scripture, not our reason as ultimate
Commentators, preachers
Tradition
We can be afraid of tradition as too Catholic
If we are coming up with something new, we should be concerned
Context - V.1
Big picture history
God had used the patriarchs to father this great nation (2000)
Moses had led them through the greatest salvation the world had ever seen until Jesus (1400)
David is the ideal king who brings the nation to the peak - God gives him the promise that his descendants will rule the nation of Israel forever (key concept in Isaiah) (1000)
Isaiah (700’s)
Conquered by Assyria (732) and Babylon (5..) leads to exile
God brings his people back (4..)
Jesus comes (0)
Immediate context
The nation has split in half (Judah & Israel)
Surrounded by enemies kicking their chops (Assyria, Babylon, Edom, etc)
Superficially prosperous, nominally religious, but wicked in behavior in heart - left the faith of the fathers (sound familiar?)
But also a struggle for the faithful
How could evil nations conquer the people of God? Is he too weak to save them? Or does he just not care?
How could God’s people become this sinful? Can it be fixed?
How can this current broken Israel become this promised perfect Israel?
Isaiah
What comes to mind when you think of prophecy?
Prophecy is proclaiming the word of God - closer to a sermon that a fortune teller
It is both telling the future, and giving deep insight to the current situation
Historical facts on Isaiah
Poetry
It can be hard to catch the emphasis in translation
Rhymes, alliteration, nuanced meanings of words get lost
This much more than I will be able to touch on, we will only scratch the surface
Repetition
Hebrew poetry uses repetition of a concept instead of rhyming to emphasize a concept
Ex. v15 - God ignoring his people described twice followed by why
Contrasts
One of the most confusing aspects is how logical opposites are right next to each
You will see judgement and salvation of God’s people right next to each, intertwined together
Which is it? Will God destroy or save his people?
Isaiah uses this to masterful effect
It brings out deeper concepts
this world is not cut and dry, God’s plan is not simple
Will judgment or hope win out? Answer - God will use judgment to give his people hope
It leaves open questions for us to wrestle with
It sets us up for the ultimate answer - God on the cross bearing the judgment for His people
Text/Major Concepts
The first five chapters are a preface
Hits all the major themes discussed later in the book
But leaves unanswered questions
Sin
God charges his people
Religious formalism
God’s character in His response
Judgment
Deliverance
Salvation
Destiny
God is able to break the cycle of sin and consequences
Immediate (this life/sanctification)
The ending (next life/glorification)