Sermon Tone Analysis

Overall tone of the sermon

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OVERVIEW of John
Written by John around 90-94 AD
Content: Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God told from a post resurrection perspective.
The incarnation reveals God and the cross, with the subsequent resurrection makes life with Him and in Him possible.
Jesus - in his life and death on the cross reveals God's love for humanity and redeemed humanity, ; discipleship means to "remain in the vine" and to bear fruit (love as he has loved) - the Holy Spirit will be given for his people to continue his work.
TIPS for reading John
Contrasting with the synoptics... where there is emphasis on the K of G, the emphasis is on Jesus himself as the life - "the Life who gives eternal life".
John writes about Jesus in light of what he experienced and learned about Jesus after the fact.
Plus, his detail is Shaped by when he is writing this (90-95 AD), in response to false prophets who are denying the incarnation and the saving significance of Jesus' death and resurrection AND who are marked by a failure to love others (cf. 1 John).
John's passion in the retelling of Jesus' story is threefold:
1. Deeply rooted in history as Jesus being the Messiah, confessed by the disciples and confirmed by Jesus.
Thus the I am sayings are full of OT allusions like, the shepherd, the vine, the bread and where Jesus steps in to Israel's role himself as well as Israel's kingly shepherd ... fulfillment of messianic hopes with the festive celebrations hidden to us but clear to his readers.
Feast of tabernacles 0 special water purifying rite in the temple... came to be interpreted in a Messianic way as pointing to the giving of the Spirit by the Messiah... it is on the greatest day of this feast that Jesus cries out, let anyone who is thirsty come and drink... ().
2. Jesus is the son of God... the Jewish Messianic title from ... now understood as the 2nd person of the trinity... in Jesus, God himself... has become present by the incarnation...
3. The pathos of the Gospel which is to be found in the Jewish rejection of their messiah - because of the claims of his divinity ... Jesus died for the Jewish nation that rejects him, even though they are in the best position to believe in him, and the whole world.
Literary Context of John 14
Jesus manifest his presence to his disciples (John 1:19-2:12)
Jesus manifest his presence to the world ()
: The First Passover
The temple cleansing
(1) Divides people who believe and those who don't
(2) Jesus replaces the locus of God's presence as the new temple (1:51)
Jesus Final Passover - the Son of God dies for the sins of the world (13:1-20:31)
Jesus' table talk with the disciples have three themes here:
I am going, you are staying, you will continue my work, but you can't do it alone and will need my Spirit
Jesus is going back to the Father (1-10)
They are staying to continue his work (11-14)
He will return to them in the person of the Spirit (15-31)
Jesus comforts his disciples before he leaves.
(1) Jesus commands them NOT to let their hearts be troubled.
Why would they be?
He is (3) leaving but will "come back" (when?)
The disciples have been with Jesus for three years and are anticipating his setting up of the Kingdom of God (politically) so this news would come as a shock.
How does Jesus desire to comfort these troubled hearts?
He says to BELIEVE in God, also BELIEVE in me.
He explains the rationale for such a belief in GOD and JESUS... (vs.
2)
"My Father's house has many rooms" - ref to the temple (2:19)
In other words, the place where heaven and earth meet and the location where God dwells among his people has plenty of room for you... if there was not "going to be room" (for the disciples) ... Jesus would not have said so?
Q: Why would they assume8 this is where they would "want to go" (3)?
Does this have significance in the est of the Kingdom of God in their view?
Jesus says he is (vs3) "go" and "prepare" a place for you...
... and he will "come back" and "take you" to be "with me" that you may "also be where I am",
You "know the way to the place where I am going" (4)
BELIEVE GOD, BELIEVE ALSO IN ME
MY FATHER"S HOUSE HAS MANY ROOMS
I AM GOING TO PREPARE A PLACE FOR YOU
I WILL COME BACK AND TAKE YOU TO BE WITH ME
YOU KNOW THE WAY TO THE PLACE WHERE I AM GOING
(Therefore, THAT is the reasons why your hearts should not be troubled by my departure...without me going, you will not be able to have access to my father's house which has many rooms, one of which is being prepared for you and I need to go and come back to then take you there...)
QUESTIONS:
Jesus is vital part of God's house being available for disciples to come home (, 28-29) - what is "the way" (12:26... the way of following Jesus, specifically in serving the Father and in this case, it leads to suffering?
They cannot go where he is going ( ).
Jesus assumes they know by this point?
Maybe it's because Jesus is the son of God, they have seen the Fath
Key Words from John 14:1-4
Father's House (2)
Father’s house Jesus is referring to the heavenly abode, where God the Father sits enthroned ().
Jesus had already declared God’s symbolic earthly dwelling, the temple, to be insignificant in comparison to God’s work through His new temple, Jesus (see ; compare on ).
This and Jesus’ condemnation of the conduct of the earthly keepers of His “Father’s house” establish Jesus as a better, heavenly alternative ().
The Jerusalem temple was an earthly representation of God’s heavenly dwelling.
When talking with David about the possible construction of the temple, God even calls it a “house for my name” ().
David later calls it a “house for the sanctuary” (; compare ).
Jesus’ imagery here would have been familiar to His disciples.
dwelling places There is room for many people in God’s kingdom and His heavenly abode, where those who accept Jesus dwell eternally.
Here, Jesus is likely drawing on imagery of God’s people dwelling in the wilderness in His presence, after the exodus from Egypt ().
alludes to Jesus as the fulfillment of God dwelling among His people.
will come again Jesus is describing an event that will occur after His ascension to God’s heavenly abode (v. ).
Consequently, this refers to His return to earth, not His resurrection.
Prepare - ἑτοιμάζω
Troubled - ταράσσω - “Agitate, move, disturb” is used for things like water (, ; , ; ; Hippocrates, Aff.
55.3), for the stomach or intestines,1 and for mental uncertainty and confusion, as with Peter’s guards, worried about the escape of their prisoner (ēn tarachos ouk oligos, ).
With respect to individuals, tarassō usually expresses simple uneasiness mixed with fear: Zechariah (), Herod (), the apostles frightened at the sight of Jesus walking on the water (; ) or resurrected (), or disturbed at the prospect of the Master’s departure; the faithful are upset by heterodox teachings (; = ).
These connotations of disquiet, fear, dismay, and confusion match those of secular Greek, and of biblical Greek when the frame of mind resulting from a dream is being described.
The person’s mind is always troubled (etarachthē hē psychē autou, ; ; ; ).
Jesus the Way to the Father
vs. 5 - Thomas responds to Jesus words intended for comfort... we don't know where you are going... so how can we know the way?
Thomas uses the word Lord here - does he see him as Messiah, Rabbi or prophet?
For many people, we know Jesus is special, but we're not sure how special and how relevant He is to our human dilemma.
Thomas is
6 Jesus answered, “I am the way and the truth and the life.
No one comes to the Father except through me.
7 If you really know me, you will know my Father as well.
From now on, you do know him and have seen him.”
I am ... this is pretty arrogant to our world isn't it?
What is the way to and aren't their multiple ways to the divine...?
The way
The truth
The life
No one... not a single person, comes to the Father... who is Jesus' Father?
Why would people want to come to Him? Did Jews call God their Father?
Or was this a reference for Israel to see God as their father and Israel as His son?
If this is the case, this seems unfair and exclusive... what about all of the other good religious people out there?
What makes Jesus unique to have such access?
If you really know me... (many do not really know him, if they did they would know that he is the Son of God, reflecting the will of God the father and calling people to eternal life through Him).
How will we really know Jesus... as the Son of God?
Jesus is saying clearly, in verse 7... from now on you know Him (God the Father)... and have even seen Him (even though he is invisible apart from me being in the flesh).
8 Philip said, “Lord, show us the Father and that will be enough for us.”
What is Philip asking Jesus to do? "Show us the Father?"
Maybe like Moses was shown the glory of God or Elijah... ?
In other words, Jesus, we think you are special... but still, if we got a little bit more concrete evidence...
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