Sermon Tone Analysis

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INTRODUCTION
As we go through life, God gives us opportunities to know Him better.
ASK What would you consider to be the biggest lesson you have learned about God?
ASK: What difference has that lesson made in your life since?
In the book of Job, we will discover a man who undoubtedly loved God, but one that God also allowed to go through intense trials, so that He could know God more.
As we study through the Book of Job, my prayer is that it will affect our lives, and create in us a deeper trust in God, and that our Trust in Him will display itself on the outside.
I. Introduction to Job
The problem of human suffering is addressed throughout the Bible.
records the roots of suffering (disobedience) and states the purpose of suffering (maturity).
Both of these texts (as do many others in God’s Word) provide a succinct theological statement that can be understood and applied to life.
The Book of Job, using a literary style rarely matched even in fine literature, provides the thoughtful reader with a depth of understanding concerning the profound issues of human suffering.
A. The Purpose of Job
In general, the book of Job addresses the problem of human suffering; more particularly the problem of suffering by the righteous person.
The purpose of Job is to teach deep and profound lessons about God to those who trust in Him.
In so doing, Job also teaches important lessons on how believers are to view and respond to their own suffering and to that of others.
Job s not a book for the faith of faith.
It is not a ‘how to’ on hard times in daily life.
it does not present a series of steps to take to overcome life’s down turns.
(Other portions of Scripture provide help in these areas.)
Job is a book for the strong of faith (or those who desire to be).
It is a majestic presentation of God almighty and the wonder of Who He is .
To some extent, Job does not seek to answer the ‘why ‘ questions of human suffering.
It does, however answer the ‘who’ question of human suffering for the careful reader and seeking believer.
DISCUSS: What are some why questions of human suffering?
B. The Literary Style of Job
Throughout the Bible, particularly the Old Testament, we find areas that are poetic.
There are several books of the Bible that are considered to be Poetic, one of these is the book of Job.
Many poems and poetic songs grace the Old Testament.
These include Jacob’s blessing of His sons (), Moses’ Song of Deliverance (), the Song of Deborah (), David’s Lament over Saul and Jonathan (), the Oracles of Isaiah (; ), the Prayer of Jonah (), and the Praise of Habakkuk ().
1. Job is one of the Old Testament Poetic Books
The Old Testament Poetic books include Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon, and Lamentations.
Job is a poetic narrative Drama.
Psalms is the poetic hymnbook of the Old Testament.
Proverbs contains wise maxims while Ecclesiastes is a poetic discourse on the Philosophy of life.
Song of Solomon is a poetic love cantata and Lamentations includes poetic dirges lamenting the destruction of Jerusalem.
2. Job bears all the features of Old Testament Poetry
All Hebrew poetry in the Old Testament possesses three basic characteristics: Meter, Parallelism, and a rich use of figurative language.
The writers incorporated these language tools under the Holy Spirit’s superintending ministry to present Truth with emotion.
Meter is easier to detect in the Hebrew language than it is in our English translations of these poems.
We can, however still observe the special structure that is unique to poetry and poetic form.
Actually, “Meter” is “a patter of stressed and unstressed syllables, establishing a line of poetry.”
Perhaps the key word here is “pattern” Some English editions of the Bible have attempted to display the structure of poetic verse in these sections.
Such rendering is done fairly easily, because the structure of poetry is related to meaning.
It is sometimes obvious when one line of poetry stands alone (a so-called ‘mono-stitch’) or when two lines of poetry are related to each other (a ‘bicolon’ or ‘couplet’).
Sometimes three lines of poetry are obviously related to each other (a tricolon) or even four (a so-called ‘quatrain’) or more.
Meter creates a general ‘feeling’ or ‘atmosphere.’
The ‘qinah’ meter (dirge meter) expresses sadness.
other kinds of meter communicate other kinds of emotion, ranging from joy tot he adventuresome note of epic discovery.
The book of Job appears to include a wide variety of meter, thereby expressing an entire spectrum of human emotion.
ASK: Why is understanding in our interpretation of Job the use of poetry in the book important?
II.
Literary Feature of Job
A. Job’s Parallelisms
The basic linear unit in Hebrew Poetry is the couplet, which is two lines of poetry, usually of similar length and style and with parallel or related ideas.
There are six major kinds of parallelism.
1. Synonymous parallelism
In synonymous parallelism, line two states essentially the same thought as line one.
It may even use the same words and terms or similar words and terms.
Example: & - How does the repetition of thought in each couplet impact teh reader?
2. Synthetic parallelism
In a synthetically parallel couplet, line two further develops the idea of line one.
That is, it either defines it, proves it, applies it, or adds further information.
Synthetic parallelism gives further explanation or information in a striking way.
Read: & - How does line two in each case further develop the idea of line one?
3. Antithetic Parallelism
In antithetic parallelism, line two of a couplet contrasts the idea of line one, or gives the opposite perspective.
Just as the whiteness of a pearl stands out sharply against a black velvet background, so an idea in a couplet like this stands out sharply against the background of its contrasting idea.
& is an example of antithetic parallelism.
Elihu contrasts the wisdom of man with the wisdom that is from God.
Read: - How does antithetic parallelism in these verses help the reader?
4. Emblematic Parallelism
In these cases, the writer states a truth in one line and hives a figure of speech that conveys that same truth in the other line.
In some cases, the truth comes in the first line and the symbol follows in the second.
In other cases, the emblematic expression comes first; the the truth is stated.
In this case,t eh symbol comes first (the Lord is not a literal shepherd); the the truth follows: “I shall not want[lack].”
The truth in line two conveys the idea inherent in line one.
By saying “The Lord is my shepherd,” David was essentially testifying, ‘The Lord meets all my needs.”
Read: , - How does the emblematic parallelism help you understand what the speaker wants to communicate?
5. Formal Parallelism
Formal parallelism does not bear any particular semantic relationship, but simply uses poetic structure (meter) to emphasize the point.
Even in the English language, we can hear the poetic structure, or meter, in this couplet.
But this couplet does not bear any of the other semantic features common to parallelism.
While this couplet may appear to have synthetic parallelism, it is the simple completion of one thought
Examples: ,
6. Climatic parallelism
The final type of parallelism is called climatic.
It normally requires at least a three-line stanza of poetry (known as a tricolon) or a four-lined poem (known as a quatrain).
In climatic parallelism, all the lines of the stanza begin the same way except for the last line, which give the climactic statement or grand conclusion
God effectively uses climatic parallelism when He questions Job in .
The poetic device helps Job understand his smallness in comparison to God.
Read: - Job uses climatic parallelism in his answer to his friends.
How does teh method enhance your reading of these verses?
The message of Job is greatly enhanced through the use of poetry.
Job, his wife, his friends, and even God braided their words together with strong emotions.
C. Job’s figures of Speech
Old Testament poetry uses not only metric structure and parallelism but also figures of speech.
Just what is a figure of speech?
It is a word of phrase used in a way different from its ordinary and normal usage for the sake of intensity, feeling, or emphasis.
Every day everyone uses figurative language.
Examples of figures of speech used today include “The White House said”; “That test was a bear”; “That noise drives me up the wall”; “Johnny is growing like a weed.”
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