Sermon Tone Analysis

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Laws for Sin Offerings

4 Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 2 “Speak to the ⌊Israelites⌋, saying, ‘If a person sins by an unintentional wrong from any of Yahweh’s commands that should not be ⌊violated⌋, and he ⌊violates⌋ ⌊any of them⌋— 3 if the anointed priest sins, ⌊bringing guilt on the people⌋, then, concerning the sin that he has ⌊committed⌋, he shall bring ⌊a young bull⌋ without defect for Yahweh as a sin offering.

4 He shall bring the bull to the tent of assembly’s entrance before Yahweh, place his hand on the bull’s head, and slaughter the bull before Yahweh.

5 The anointed priest shall take ⌊some of⌋ the bull’s blood and shall bring it to the tent of assembly, 6 and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood and shall spatter ⌊some of⌋ the blood seven times before Yahweh in front of the sanctuary’s curtain.

7 The priest shall put ⌊some of⌋ the blood on the horns of the altar of fragrant incense before Yahweh, which is in the tent of assembly, and all the rest of the bull’s blood he must pour out on the base of the altar of the burnt offering, which is at the entrance of the tent of assembly.

8 “ ‘He must remove all the fat from the bull of the sin offering: the fat that covers the inner parts and all of the fat that is on the inner parts, 9 the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, which is at the loins, and the liver’s lobe that he must remove in addition to the kidneys— 10 just as it is removed from the ox of the fellowship offerings’ sacrifice—and the priest shall turn them into smoke on the altar of the burnt offering.

11 But the bull’s skin and its meat, in addition to its head, ⌊its lower leg bones⌋, its inner parts, and its offal— 12 he shall carry all of the bull ⌊outside the camp⌋ to a ceremonially clean place, to the fatty ashes’ dump, and he shall burn it on wood in the fire; it must be burned up on the fatty ashes’ dump.

13 “ ‘If Israel’s whole assembly did wrong unintentionally and the matter was concealed from the assembly’s eyes, and they acted against ⌊any of⌋ Yahweh’s commands that should not be ⌊violated⌋, so that they incur guilt, 14 when the sin that they have ⌊committed⌋ against that command becomes known, the assembly shall present ⌊a young bull⌋ as a sin offering, and they shall bring it before the tent of assembly.

15 And the elders of the community shall place their hands on the bull’s head before Yahweh, and he shall slaughter the bull before Yahweh.

16 Then the anointed priest shall bring ⌊some of⌋ the bull’s blood to the tent of assembly, 17 and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood and shall spatter it seven times before Yahweh in front of the curtain.

18 He must put ⌊some of⌋ the blood on the altar’s horns before Yahweh ⌊in the tent of assembly⌋, and all the rest of the blood he must pour out on the base of the altar of the burnt offering, which is at the tent of assembly’s entrance.

19 He must remove all its fat from it, and he shall turn it into smoke on the altar.

20 He shall do to the bull ⌊just as⌋ he did to the sin offering’s bull, so he must do to it.

The priest shall make atonement for them, and ⌊they will be forgiven⌋.

21 He shall bring the rest of the bull ⌊outside the camp⌋, and he shall burn it ⌊just as⌋ he burned the first bull; it is the sin offering for the assembly.

22 “ ‘When a leader sins and commits an unintentional wrong against ⌊any of⌋ the commands of Yahweh his God that should not be ⌊violated⌋, so that he incurs guilt, 23 or his sin he has ⌊committed⌋ is made known to him, he shall bring ⌊a male goat⌋ without defect as his offering.

24 He shall place his hand on the he-goat’s head and slaughter it in the place where he slaughtered the burnt offering before Yahweh; it is a sin offering.

25 The priest shall take ⌊some of⌋ the sin offering’s blood with his finger, and he shall put it on the horns of the altar of the burnt offering, and he must pour out the rest of its blood on the base of the altar of the burnt offering.

26 He must turn all of its fat into smoke on the altar like the fat of the fellowship offerings’ sacrifice, and the priest shall make atonement for him ⌊because of⌋ his sin, and ⌊he will be forgiven⌋.

27 “ ‘If ⌊anyone⌋ of the people of the land sins by an unintentional wrong by ⌊violating⌋ one of Yahweh’s commands that should not be ⌊violated⌋, so that he incurs guilt, 28 or his sin he has ⌊committed⌋ is made known to him, he shall bring as his offering ⌊a female goat without defect⌋ as his offering for his sin that he ⌊committed⌋.

Committed (literally: sinning): (4x’s)

2627 חָטָא (ḥā·ṭā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 2398; TWOT 638—1.

LN 88.289–88.318

(qal) sin, do wrong, bear blame, be guilty, i.e., commit an infraction of law or agreement, implying a penalty must be paid or forfeited (; ); (hif) commit sin, cause guilt (); 2. LN 53.28–53.32

(piel) purify, cleanse, i.e., make an object ceremonially clean by certain actions, including an offering (); (hitp) purify oneself (; ,, ; , , +); 3. LN 85.65–85.66

(qal) miss, i.e., no longer be visibly present, pertaining to an object no longer being in a normal or assumed place (; ); 4. LN 31.8–31.13

(qal) err, miss the way, i.e., have an opinion that is a wrong view (); 5. LN 67.118–67.135

(qal) fail to reach, i.e., pertaining to having a time period cut short (); 6. LN 57.55–57.70

(piel) bear a loss, i.e., lose an object with remedy from another source (); 7. LN 53.16–53.27

(piel) offer a sin offering (; ); 8. LN 83.18–83.22

(hif) miss, i.e., take aim at a specific object but not be able to hit the object, and so have the projectile occupy a space outside what is intended (); 9. LN 15.34–15.74

(hitp) retreat, i.e., leave an area by linear motion ([EB 25])

Unintentional (4x’s):

7684.

שְׁגָגָה shegâgâh, sheg-aw-gaw´; from 7683; a mistake or inadvertent transgression:—error, ignorance, at unawares, unwittingly.

8705 שְׁגָגָה (šeḡā·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7684; TWOT 2324a—1.

LN 88.289–88.318

unintentional wrong, accidental error, i.e., a mistake which has culpability, yet the wrongdoing has not been made by intention or commission (Lev 4:2, 22, 27; 5:15, 18; 22:14; Nu 15:24, 25,26, 27, 28, 29; Ecc 5:5[EB 6]; 10:5+); 2. LN 13.104–13.163

accident, i.e., that which happens without intent, usually implying a bad thing that has happened (Nu 35:11, 15; Jos 20:3, 9+)

שׁגה (šgh): see 8706

Guilt as the objective condition of sinners

;

See also ; ; ; ;

Guilt results from unintentional sin

See also ; ;

Guilt as an accumulation of sin

See also ; ;

God’s knowledge of human guilt

See also ; ; ;

God’s anger at human guilt

See also ; ; ; ; ;

God’s determination to punish the guilty

God himself punishes the guilty

See also ; ;

Human judges are to punish the guilty

See also ; ; ;