Sermon Tone Analysis

Good morning and Merry Xmas.

Christmas is my favorite time of year, and it is an absolutely massive holiday in our culture, partly because it is both a Christian holiday and a secular holiday.

Christmas, from a commercial point of view, seems to be an absolute success and doesn't appear to be diminishing in popularity at all.

Now, I don’t mind that Christmas is both a Christian holiday as well as a secular holiday, in fact I quite like it.

But one of the consequences of Christmas being celebrated by a variety of people with different beliefs, is that its true message can easily be lost or misunderstood.

In fact, I think that the more Christmas becomes a secular holiday, the more important it is to be aware of the Christian origins and message behind it.

Because to misunderstand the message of Christmas is to really misunderstand the message of Christianity.

And so, in the few minutes we have together, I want to explore with you what Christmas (and Christianity) is all about from that passage in .

And at the heart of the message of Christmas is the story of a King.

In , we are given a portrait of the King.

It’s a rich and layered portrait; Matthew skilfully weaves a variety of sources into the picture he paints, but this morning I want to focus on just two themes of the King we see here, the first one being the challenge of the King.

The Challenge of the King

The scene begins with the arrival of the magi, verse 2, come from the East to King Herod and ask: “Where is the King of the Jews?” Now this is an absolutely charged moment, and to fully appreciate how electric this scene is, we have to understand the historical background.

Firstly, we should note that King of the Jews was Herod’s official title!

So they are asking the King where the King is.

But also notice the exact language, verse 2: “Where is the one who has been born king of the Jews?”

You see, Herod was an insecure King because he wasn’t ethnically a completely legitimate Jewish King—he had been appointed by Rome.

In fact, in 40BC, Herod had to flee Jerusalem when a more legitimate Jewish ruler, Antigonus, took the throne.

And here’s the thing: Antigonus was backed by the Parthians, an Empire that was Rome’s chief rival.

And where were the Parthians?

To the East.

This map might help us picture it (indicate to map)

So Herod fled from the Parthian attack in Jersualem to Rome, secured military backing from Mark Antony and returned to Jersusalem with two legions of Romans soldiers in 37 BC.

He captured Jersualem and was declared by Rome to be Jersualem’s King, the King of the Jews.

But Herod wasn’t born King of the Jews, he lacked the genuine ancestry and so he remained incredibly insecure throughout his reign.

This insecurity is seen in his violence--murdering family members and anyone who might have had a more legitimate claim to the throne than him.

In fact, one historian said that it was safer to be Herod’s pig than his son because Herod wouldn't eat pork but would kill his own child.

So Herod lived in fear of being deposed as the King, he lived in fear of losing control, and all of a sudden men from the East (Parthian territory) appear.

And in one of the great understatements of the Bible, verse 3, we’re told that Herod was disturbed (semantic range: startled—terrified).

But also notice the exact language, verse 2: “Where is the one who has been born king of the Jews?”

You see, Herod was an insecure King because he wasn’t ethnically a completely legitimate Jewish King.

In fact, in 40BC, Herod had to flee Jerusalem when a more legitimate Jewish ruler, Antigonus, took the throne.

And here’s the thing: Antigonus was backed by the Parthians, an Empire that was Rome’s chief rival.

And where were the Parthians?

To the East.

So Herod fled from Jersualem to Rome, secured military backing from Mark Antony and returned to Jersusalem with two legions of Romans soldiers in 37 BC.

He captured Jersualem and was declared by Rome to be Jersualem’s King, the King of the Jews.

But Herod wasn’t born King of the Jews, he lacked the genuine ancestry and so he remained incredibly insecure throughout his reign.

This insecurity is seen in his violence--murdering family members and anyone who might have had a more legitimate claim to the throne than him.

In fact, one historian said that it was safer to be Herod’s pig than his son because Herod wouldn't eat pork but would kill his own child.

So Herod lived in fear of being deposed as the King, and all of a sudden men from the East (Parthian territory) appear.

And in one of the great understatements of the Bible, we’re told that Herod was disturbed (semantic range: startled—terrified).

Finally, Herod would have been disturbed because of who the Magi were.

Now, the Magi were astrologers but what many folks don’t know is that the Magi often played a role in politics, so their arrival in Jerusalem would have been seen as a politically significant event (they most likely had an entourage).

The message the Magi are sending is absolutely unmistakable: there are two kings in Judea.

And the obvious implication is that the King of the Jews who was born the King of the Jews, well, that’s the real King.

The birth of Jesus is a challenge to Herod.

Imagine foreign dignitaries arriving in South Africa, going straight to Luthuli House, and when faced with President Zuma, they ask to see the new ruler of South Africa.

Matthew’s purpose is to show that Herod and Jesus are rival Kings.

Jesus, it is claimed by the Magi, is now the King, Jesus is the one in authority, and the question we’re wondering is: what will Herod do?

Will King Herod acknowledge that Jesus is the true King?

Will Herod, like the Magi, acknowledge Jesus’ authority and worship Him?

Well, that’s the impression Herod initially gives.

Take a look at verses 4-8:

Of course, it’s obvious why Herod is enraged: Jesus is a challenge to Herod.

Jesus claims to be the King, Jesus claims to be the one in authority, and the question we’re wondering is: what will Herod do?

Will King Herod acknowledge that Jesus is the true King?

Will Herod bow down and worship?

Well, that’s the impression he initially gives.

Take a look at verses 3-8:

So Herod pretends to want to worship Jesus, but in fact, as the story progresses, we know that he doesn't want to worship Jesus, he wants to eliminate Jesus.

He wants to be the King, and he doesn't want to share the throne with anyone!

Now, before we become too superior and uppity about Herod, it’s worth noting that for many years theologians have highlighted how all people reflect something of Herod’s attitude.

I’m not saying that we’re as bloodthirsty and brutal as Herod was, but we are similar in that we don’t like our authority being challenged.

We don’t want to be told what to do, we don’t want someone else coming into our life saying that they are the boss.

But that’s the challenge of Jesus: Jesus comes into this world as a King, he’s born a King, it’s who he is, and the claim of a King is a claim of authority.

The King is the boss, and the King can tell you and me what to do.

And that’s why Jesus can be hard to accept.

Because we have problems with authority.

And Jesus’ authority challenges our autonomy, our pride, because to accept Jesus is to accept Him as the King.

It is to accept Him as the leader of your life.

And can I say that it’s OK to be honest about how challenging this is?

It’s hard to worship Jesus as the King.

This is the big stumbling block for Christianity: you have to renounce yourself, you have to deny yourself, you have to give Jesus control.

You don’t just invite him into your heart in an abstract, sentimental way, you have to make Jesus the boss and leader of your life.

Now, as you know, I am a pastor and because of my role at weddings or other events, I often end up in conversations with people about Jesus.

And I am amazed at how positive people who don’t follow Jesus are about him.

Here’s what I mean: we’ll be talking about Jesus, and the person will mention that they really admire him or respect.

But will speak about Jesus in glowing terms.

But I am sometimes concerned that people haven’t really understood who he is because they haven't encountered the authority problem: Jesus is the King!

To encounter Jesus is to encounter this crisis of authority: Jesus the King claims authority over our lives.

Which is, let’s be honest, quite challenging to have to process.

One of the people that is refreshingly honest about their feelings is the philosopher Thomas Nagel.

This is what he said:

I want atheism to be true and am made uneasy by the fact that some of the most intelligent and well-informed people I know are religious believers.

It isn't just that I don’t believe in God, and naturally I hope that my belief is right.

I hope there is no God!

I don’t want there to be a God.

I don’t want the universe to be like that.

My guess is that this cosmic authority problem is not rare.

Are you as honest about your own feelings as Thomas Nagel about his?

If you’re visiting this morning and you are exploring Christianity, can I encourage you to be honest about the challenge Jesus is? Herod got a lot of things wrong but the one thing he really gets right is that Jesus challenges his authority.

You see, no-one is really neutral about whether Christmas is true.

If God really came to earth as a baby, then it means that we’ve lost the right to be in control of our lives.

And that means that it’s difficult to be objective about whether it’s really true—because you have an incentive to not believe it.

This might have meant that you’ve never really, objectively, investigated the claims of Christ thoroughly.

Perhaps that’s something worth doing this Christmas.

Here’s a simple way to do that: read the Gospel of Matthew.

And if you are already a Christian, can I also encourage you to be honest about how hard it is to relate to Jesus as King?

Even as Christians, we can have cosmic authority problems; we can resist his authority in our lives.