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*Christians & Politics Romans 13:1-7*
Maranatha Baptist Church.
Sunday October 16, 2005.
10:00-11:00
 
(Powerpoint Slide One)
In the course of any given week we can hear of *stories of corruption*.
It becomes *most distressing* when it is from *elected officials*, *for we know that is was our money*.
From this past week:
(Second & third Powerpoint)
 
*In Romans 13*, the *Apostle Paul*, a *Roman citizen by birth*, is writing to a *church located in the very capital of the **Roman Empire*, the heat and center of government.
They were people *very aware of the operations of government* and the *effect on the people*.
In terms of the audience, a considerable proportion, though probably not the majority-of the membership of the Roman church consisted of *Jews.*
Many of the Jews of that day and age were *looking for an opportunity* to shake off the *yoke of subjection to **Rome*, and were *eager to become politically independent once more, with a king of their own.
*
* *
*Perhaps we can* look at the government like many did in the first century and think that we are *citizens of heaven* (Phil.
3:20) and we should *not concern* ourselves with them.
* Such is the position of many *pacifist groups* like the *Jehovah’s witnesses*, and the* Mennonite*.
However *God states in Romans 13* the picture of* Government, our responsibilities and obligations.
We can see:*
* *
*(Powerpoint Slide 4)*
 
1) Government *Appointed* 2) *Obliged *3) *Warning* 4) *Enforced* 5) *Obeyed*
Government *Supported & Honored*
 
*1) Government Appointed*
*Rom 13:1**  *Let every person be *subject *to the governing authorities.
For there is no authority except *from God*, and those that exist have been instituted by God.
This text is the */locus classicus/*, the key text in scripture to *determine the role of Christians  & Politics or Government.*
We must *understand who it is talking about before we try to apply it today.*
Let is an* injunction*, a *command.*
Every person no exceptions.
Which calls us to be subject, which is different that blindly obeying.
More of that to follow.
*Governing Authorities:*
* *In it’s broadest context: * it applies to anyone who is in a *position of authority* over us.
The authorities are in the *plural form*, it applies to the *authority as a whole.*
*The specific reference in this text is to elected officials.
*
*Scope:* Prime minister, Premiers, Mayors, clerks
 
Subject: is a *military term* denoting *soldiers arranged in order* under the commander and subject to his commands.
They are lined up
 
*Please turn to 1 Pt 2*
 
*How this looks* is the issue for us.
The *nature of the subjection* is in question.
Like I alluded to earlier, it is *not blind obedience*, *but* a *specified duty.
*
* Just as a *soldier* who is *subject to a commander* is *obligated to only obey lawful orders* and *obligated to prevent unlawful actions*, so too *we* must *look at our orders.
*
 
1Pe 2:13  Be *subject* for the Lord's sake to every human institution, whether it be to the *emperor* as supreme, 1Pe 2:14  or to *governors* as sent by him to punish those who do evil and to praise those who do good.
1Pe 2:15  For this is the will of God, that by doing good you should *put to silence* the ignorance of foolish people.
1Pe 2:16  Live as people who are free, not using your freedom as a cover-up for evil, but living as servants of God.
1Pe 2:17  Honor everyone.
Love the brotherhood.
Fear God.
Honor the emperor.
* Notice how this text specified the *action* (be subject) and *to whom* (emperor, governors) It is *not *an *exhaustive list* *but showing *the *layers of authority.*
*  
*The same term for being subject* is used in *Eph **5:21* with our *obligation to one another*, *wives to husbands* and *in Eph 6* with *children to parents.*
*Without a detailed explanation of these other *relationships, just consider what the *impact** of us not understanding our relationship to Government*.
*What are we showing* our *families*, our *children.?*
 
We are *not to look* at the *individuals in themselves*, but in the *office* that *they hold.
*
 
God has the ability to accomplish His will *in spite of and even through less than godly rulers.*
Dan 2:20  Daniel answered and said: "Blessed be the name of God forever and ever, to whom belong wisdom and might.
Dan 2:21  He changes times and seasons; he *removes kings and sets up kings*; he gives wisdom to the wise and knowledge to those who have understanding;
 
*Please turn to Romans 9*
Some object and state:
Rom 6:14  For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are *not under law but under grace.*
Rom 9:17  For the Scripture says *to Pharaoh*, "For this very purpose I have *raised you up*, that I might *show my power in you*, and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth."
Rom 9:18  So then he has mercy on whomever he wills, and he hardens whomever he wills.
Rom 9:19  You will say to me then, "Why does he still find fault?
For who can resist his will?"
Rom 9:20  But *who are you, O man, to answer back to God*?
Will what is molded say to its molder, "Why have you made me like this?" Rom 9:21  Has the potter no right over the clay, to make out of the same lump one vessel for honored use and another for dishonorable use?
Rom 9:22  What if God, desiring to show his wrath and to make known his power, has endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction, Rom 9:23  in order to make known the riches of his glory for vessels of mercy, which he has prepared beforehand for glory—
* *God raises up rulers*, that his *power might be shown.*
* When the ruler is an *instrument of justice*, he *shows the nature of God.*
* *The word for power* here is *exousia*, used also in Romans 13.
Exousia is a *delegated power*, power that is *given* to a person or group of persons by another.
Paul used it in Romans 13 because he wants to make explicit that *the authority of the governing powers is from God. *
  
*Rom 13: 1 states that there is no:*
authority except *from God*
/Ordained of God/ - /tetagmenai/, *a military word*, signifying not only the *ordination of magistrates*, but *the subordination of inferior magistrates* to the supreme, as in an army; for among magistrates there is a diversity of gifts, and trusts, and services.
*Civil government is a divine institution*, and those that are entrusted with the administration of it have their *commission from Christ*; it is *a branch of his kingly office* that /by him kings reign;/ from him to whom all judgment is committed their *power is derived*.
They reign by him, and therefore ought to reign for him
 
Joh 19:10  So Pilate said to him (Christ) , "You will not speak to me? Do you not know that I have authority to release you and authority to crucify you?" Joh 19:11  Jesus answered him, "*You would have no authority over me at all unless it had been given you from above*.
Therefore he who delivered me over to you has the greater sin."
 
 *(Powerpoint Slide 5)*
 
1) Government *Appointed*
2) Government *Obliged*
 
Rom 13:2  Therefore whoever *resists* the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment.
The text in Romans 13 calls us to *be subject*, how does this look?
#.
The duty required is *submission*, which comprises *loyalty* and* reverence* to their persons, *obedience to their just laws* and commands, *and subjection to legal penalties.*
* *
*This involves:*
*outward reverence and respect*, both in *speaking to them* and in *speaking of them *- obedience to their commands in things lawful and honest, and in other things a patient subjection to the penalty without resistance –
 
* This standard applies to the authority itself: This is *not* to be understood, as if magistrates were *above the laws*, and had a lawless power to *do as they will without oppositio*n; for *they are under the law*, and *liable to the penalty of it*, in case of disobedience, as others; and when they make their own will a law, or exercise a lawless tyrannical power, in defiance of the laws of God,
* *
*(Powerpoint Slide 6)*
 
There are lawful civic duties (*Oath of citizenship*)
 
 * *v.
2…those who resist will incur judgment (not *damnation) - *This is not necessarily the meaning of the word which is used here κρίμα  krima.
It often simply denotes *“punishment;”*
 
* Look at the nature now of *appointment and judgment*.
Since there is *authority from God*: *Government, Elders, husbands, parents*, when we *defy legitimate authority we rebel against God.
*
* *
*Do you think God is very concerned about authority?*
*The family* is the *nursery of the Church*, and *society* is *the schoolyard*.
*Institutions* are *established by God* for *order and voluntary submission*.
The proper functioning of them are to *point to the harmony of the Godhead.*
*Christ and the Spirit*, of equal worth, *voluntary submit* their will to the father (Phil.
2).
The pattern is intended to show us our function.
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