With Jesus pt9
Luke revealed to his readers what Zacchaeus sought by describing what he received in 19:9. Zacchaeus sought the salvation Jesus spoke of in 19:9–10. “Who Jesus was” is literally who he is
Such undignified behavior, according to that culture, indicates that more than curiosity was at play here.
The “must” (dei) implies a divine necessity to do so. See comments on 4:43; Introduction 8 (1). Just as Jesus’ forthcoming passion in Jerusalem was divinely ordained, so Jesus’ individual actions all fit into the divine plan, even his bringing salvation to Zacchaeus’s home. Because of Luke 19:10, Jesus had to stay at Zacchaeus’s home
True Christianity has always broken down economic, social, ethnic, and racial barriers; for where Christ is truly present, “people will come from east and west and north and south, and will take their places at the feast in the kingdom of God”
To “break bread” with someone had important consequences. Even as contact with lepers (Luke 5:12–16) brought ritual uncleanness, so in the minds of the Pharisees contact with tax collectors and sinners brought moral (as well as ritual) uncleanness
“Tax collectors” are grouped with “sinners” not so much because they were “traitors” who collected taxes for the Roman oppressors but because they were dishonest and practiced distortion (cf. Luke 5:32). Note the advice of John the Baptist to them in 3:12–13, which assumes their dishonesty, and Zacchaeus’s behavior in 19:8–9
This refers to half of his belongings (cf. 8:3; 12:33; Acts 4:32), not his earnings. As Ellis notes, “It is a thank offering expressive of a changed heart.” Zacchaeus provides an example that whereas the demand to sell all (Luke 12:33; 18:22) is not obligatory for all believers, generosity is
In other less severe instances the OT requires only a 20 percent increase (Lev 6:5; Num 5:6–7). It is difficult to interpret this as a customary act of Zacchaeus in the past. It is best understood as a futuristic present, which along with his giving half of his goods to the poor reveals in Zacchaeus’s actions what “I repent” says in words
This is not to be interpreted as meaning that the “Savior” had come to Zacchaeus’s house but that salvation had occurred. The lost Zacchaeus had been sought (19:5) and now saved (19:10). The promised salvation had come to Zacchaeus and his family
This was not due to his being racially a descendant of Abraham (cf. 3:8bc) but to his having brought forth fruit in keeping with repentance (3:8a) and having responded in faith and repentance to Abraham’s Seed (Acts 3:25–26; cf. Gal 3:16). By this Zacchaeus bore witness to God’s grace by which even a rich man can be saved
Its conclusion (19:10) functions as a summary of Jesus’ ministry in the travel narrative. Jesus came to seek and save the lost. And, despite the difficulty (18:24), he can save even a rich man